Non-Fiction Books:

Metal-to-Nonmetal Transitions

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Paperback / softback
$293.00
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Description

Materialscanbedividedintometalsandnonmetals.Thecharacteristicfeature ofmetalslikecopperandaluminumisahighelectricalandthermalconduct- ity, while nonmetals such as phosphor and sulfur are insulators. The electrical 6 ?1 ?1 conductivity varies over many orders of magnitude, from 10 ? m for ?20 ?1 ?1 typical metals down to 10 ? m for almost ideal insulators. However, a sharp separation between metals and insulators is in general not possible. For instance, semiconducting materials such as silicon and germanium ?ll the conductivity domain between metals and insulators. Their electrical cond- tivity is dependent on temperature and,in addition, canbe variedstronglyby doping the material with donor or acceptor atoms. A famous example is the sharp insulator-to-metal transition measured in Si:P at temperatures below 18 ?3 0.1K and donor concentrations of about 3.8x10 cm phosphor atoms [1]. Furthermore, materials may exist in both states: carbon is metallic as graphite and insulating as diamond. A fascinating quantum e?ect is observed at low temperatures: some materials even loose their electrical resistivity and becomesuperconductors.Therefore,thequestionsWhatisametal?andWhen does a metal transform into a nonmetal? are of fundamental interest and - lated to many aspects of modern physics and chemistry. We refer the int- ested reader to the very nice introduction into this diverse topic given by Edwards [2].
Release date NZ
May 4th, 2012
Audience
  • Professional & Vocational
Contributors
  • Edited by Bastian Holst
  • Edited by Friedrich Hensel
  • Edited by Ronald Redmer
Illustrations
5 Illustrations, color; 75 Illustrations, black and white; X, 200 p. 80 illus., 5 illus. in color.
Pages
200
Dimensions
155x235x13
ISBN-13
9783642262869
Product ID
20334752

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