The practice of conserving water using strategies, policies and activities to sustainably manage the fresh water resources is referred to as water conservation. It focuses on protecting the hydrosphere, and ensuring current and future demand of water. Rainwater harvesting is one of the most prominent strategic measure to conserve water. Water management is the management of water resources through planning, developing and distributing water resources under established policies and regulations. Water treatment, water resource management, irrigation management, and water table management are the focus areas of water management. Key strategies involved in water protection are avoiding damage of water quality, improvement of water management practices and checking for water loss. This textbook elucidates the concepts and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to water conservation and management. The topics covered herein deal with the core aspects of water conservation and management. This book will serve as a reference to a broad spectrum of readers.