This edition combines two previous publications: Oil and Gas in Africa: A Legal and Commercial Analysis of the Upstream Industry and African Upstream Oil and Gas: A Practical Guide to the Law and Regulation, both published by Globe Law and Business in 2015, and has two central elements. First, it discusses the opportunities and challenges found in topical issues. For example, chapters describe the production sharing contract (PSC) and economic terms governing regional exploration and production activity; and although PSCs are not an exclusive host government instrument, they are of growing importance for countries looking for greater control over and societal benefits from petroleum production. The book also covers OHADA, financing, M&A, security and decommissioning issues in an African context, and new chapters explore natural gas and ESG. Secondly, the book covers a country-by-country analysis of African oil and gas, detailing the oil and gas frameworks and key issues in countries such as Algeria, Angola, Republic of Congo, Egypt, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Libya, Mauritania, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, Tunisia and Uganda. Topics addressed include the petroleum laws, the types of legal arrangement in place, the fiscal terms, the acquisition of acreage, governing law, dispute resolution mechanisms and governmental control. This comprehensive edition features contributions from various leading experts in the industry, including from ministries of petroleum, national oil companies, international oil companies, law firms and consultancies. It will be of benefit to all industry participants and advisers pursuing oil and gas opportunities across the continent.