In earlier books such as The Cosmic Panorama, HyperCosmos Fractionation ..., and Passing Through Nature to Eternity, we detailed the chain leading from the ProtoCosmos through the HyperCosmos to the Unified SuperStandard Theory (UST). This book shows that the underpinning of these theories is a primordial substance Dimension. We see a new ProtoCosmos as a continuous line of dimensions. Each HyperCosmos space is generated by a scaling dimensional force that aggregates the space's dimensions into a finite discrete set. A new formalism for unification enables all the dimensions of all the HyperCosmos dimension arrays to be generated in a HyperUnification Space from a one dimension element. Thus Creation can be based on one dimension - the ultimate simplicity! The search for a primordial substance or element has transcended ordinary matter: the fundamental quarks, leptons and so on, to reach a new conceptual foundation built around the primary concept of space-embodied in the concept of dimensions, which, loosely viewed, are the "grains" of which spaces are composed. Each space uses its dimensions to create universes with each universe containing a set of fundamental fermions, a set of Internal Symmetry groups and gauge fields, a set of Higgs bosons, and so on. The UST is for our universe. Universes, such as our own universe, cloak dimensions within mathematical garbs into particles and interactions. Each universe has a Fundamental Reference Frame (FRF) that unifies its Symmetries, General Relativity, and Quantum Field Theory (as generalized by the author's Two-Tier and PseudoQuantum Theory). The book traces the evolution of the Cosmos from ProtoCosmos through the HyperCosmos to the UST. It closes with the view that the proper goal of Physics and Cosmology is to seek the deepest level. Dimensions are primitives. They may be counted. But they have no numeric value. They are like the primitives of Euclidean geometry such as point and line. We suggest they are at the deepest level and should be treated as undefined primitives. Everything may be reduced to one primary dimension creating a unified set of spaces and universes. These discoveries are not likely to be the result of a yet deeper level of Physics. The historical trend of Physical primordial elements is now: Fire-Earth-Air-Water - Atoms - Quarks, Leptons, ... - Space