Ubuntu Unleashed 2008 Edition presents comprehensive coverage of the popular Ubuntu Linux distribution. Windows users, Mac users, and Linux enthusiasts have been increasingly turning to Ubuntu for a user-friendly, easy-to-use Linux distribution. This book provides detailed information on installing, using, and administering Ubuntu. You will learn how to set up a workstation or a server, and you will find complete details on Ubuntu's easy-to-use desktop and productivity software. Ubuntu Unleashed 2008 Edition includes a range of coverage: From the software you need in your everyday work, such as the OpenOffice.org productivity suite, to how to configure your Linux desktop to run smoothly using multiple printers, shell scripts, and more. For the hardcore Linux enthusiast, there is complete coverage of the X Window system, Linux programming, web server administration, and network administration. Includes a DVD with a full Ubuntu Linux distribution, plus a free upgrade to Ubuntu Linux 8.10 once it is released

Table of Contents

Introduction 1 Part I Installation and Configuration 1 Installing Ubuntu 11 Before You Begin the Installation...11 Researching Your Hardware Specifications ...12 Installation Options...12 Planning Partition Strategies ...12 The Boot Loader ...13 Installing from CD or DVD ...13 Step-by-Step Installation...13 Starting the Install ...14 First Update...20 Wubi--The Easy Installer for Windows ...22 Shutting Down ...24 Reference ...24 2 Post-Installation Configuration 25 Troubleshooting Post-Installation Configuration Problems ...26 The sudo command ...27 First Update...28 Configuring Software Repositories ...30 Installing Graphics Drivers ...33 Changing Ubuntu's Look and Feel...34 Changing the Desktop Background ...34 Changing Colors...35 Modifying System Fonts...36 Changing How Menus Look ...36 Visual Effects...37 Preferred Behaviors ...37 Preferred Applications ...37 Removable Drives and Media...39 Input Devices ...39 Keyboard Shortcuts...40 Keyboard Layout...40 Mouse...41 Detecting and Configuring a Modem ...42 Configuring a Serial-Port Modem ...42 Configuring WinModems for Laptops...42 Configuring Power Management in Ubuntu ...43 Setting the Date and Time...44 Using the date Command ...45 Using the hwclock Command ...45 Changing the Time and Date...46 Configuring and Using CD, DVD, and CD-RW Drives...46 Checking Drive Assignment...47 Configuring Wireless Networks ...48 Reference ...49 3 Working with Gnome 51 The Gnome Desktop Environment ...52 Gnome: The GNU Network Object Model Environment...52 Eye Candy for the Masses...54 Basic X Concepts...55 Using X...56 Elements of the xorg.conf File ...57 Configuring X...62 Starting X ...64 Using a Display Manager...65 Changing Window Managers...73 KDE--The Other Environment...77 XFce...78 Reference ...78 4 Command Line Quickstart 79 What Is the Command Line? ...79 Navigating Through the File System...83 Managing Files with the Shell...85 Working with Compressed Files...86 Use Essential Commands from the /bin and /sbin Directories ...87 Use and Edit Files in the /etc Directory ...87 Protect the Contents of User Directories--/home ...87 Use the Contents of the /proc Directory to Interact with the Kernel...87 Work with Shared Data in the /usr Directory...89 Temporary File Storage in the /tmp Directory...89 Access Variable Data Files in the /var Directory ...89 Logging In to and Working with Linux ...90 Text-based Console Login...90 Logging Out...90 Logging In and Out from a Remote Computer ...91 Using Environment Variables...92 Using the Text Editors ...95 Working with vi...96 Working with emacs...97 Working with Permissions...99 Assigning Permissions ...100 Directory Permissions...101 Understanding Set User ID and Set Group ID Permissions...103 Working as Root...104 Creating Users...105 Deleting Users...106 Shutting Down the System ...106 Rebooting the System...107 Reading Documentation...108 Using Man Pages...108 Reference ...110 Part II Desktop Ubuntu 5 On the Internet 113 Getting Started with Firefox ...114 Choosing an Email Client ...115 Evolution ...116 Mozilla Thunderbird...118 KMail...120 Other Mail Clients...120 RSS Readers...120 Firefox ...122 Liferea...122 Instant Messaging with Pidgin ...123 Internet Relay Chat...124 Usenet Network Newsgroups...127 The Pan News Client Newsreader...128 Videoconferencing with Ekiga...130 Reference ...132 6 Productivity Applications 133 Introducing OpenOffice.org ...134 Configuring OpenOffice.org ...136 Working with OpenOffice.org Writer ...137 Working with OpenOffice.org Calc...140 Office Suites for Ubuntu ...144 Working with Gnome Office...146 Working with KOffice...149 Productivity Applications Written for Microsoft Windows...150 Reference ...152 7 Multimedia Applications 153 Sound and Music ...153 Sound Cards...154 Adjusting Volume...155 Sound Formats...156 Listening to Music ...157 Graphics Manipulation...163 The GNU Image Manipulation Program...163 Using Scanners in Ubuntu ...164 Working with Graphics Formats ...166 Capturing Screen Images...168 Using Digital Cameras with Ubuntu ...168 Handheld Digital Cameras ...168 Using F-Spot...169 Burning CDs and DVDs in Ubuntu...170 Creating CDs and DVDs with Ubuntu's Graphical Clients...172 Creating CDs from the Command Line ...174 Creating DVDs from the Command Line...176 Viewing Video...178 TV and Video Hardware ...178 Video Formats...180 Viewing Video in Linux...181 Personal Video Recorders ...181 DVD and Video Players ...182 Reference ...182 8 Printing with Ubuntu 185 Overview of Ubuntu Printing...185 Configuring and Managing Print Services ...187 GUI-Based Printer Configuration Quickstart ...187 Managing Printing Services ...188 Creating and Configuring Local Printers ...189 Creating the Print Queue ...190 Editing Printer Settings...192 Reference ...195 9 Games 197 Linux Gaming...197 Installing Proprietary Video Drivers...198 Installing Games in Ubuntu ...199 DOOM 3 ...200 Unreal Tournament 2004 ...201 Quake 4...202 Wolfenstein: Enemy Territory ...203 Battle for Wesnoth...204 Playing Windows Games with Cedega...204 Reference ...205 Part III System Administration 10 Managing Users 209 User Accounts ...209 The Super User/Root User ...210 User IDs and Group IDs ...212 File Permissions ...212 Managing Groups ...213 Group Management Tools...214 Managing Users...216 User Management Tools ...216 Adding New Users ...218 Monitoring User Activity on the System ...219 Managing Passwords...220 System Password Policy ...220 The Password File ...220 Shadow Passwords ...221 Managing Password Security for Users...223 Changing Passwords in a Batch ...224 Granting System Administrator Privileges to Regular Users...224 Temporarily Changing User Identity with the su Command ...225 Granting Root Privileges on Occasion--The sudo Command ...227 Disk Quotas...229 Implementing Quotas ...230 Manually Configuring Quotas ...230 Reference ...232 11 Automating Tasks 233 Running Services at Bootup...234 Beginning the Boot Loading Process...234 Loading the Linux Kernel...235 System Services and Runlevels ...236 Runlevel Definitions...236 Booting into the Default Runlevel ...237 Booting to a Non-Default Runlevel with GRUB ...237 Understanding init Scripts and the Final Stage of Initialization...238 Controlling Services at Boot with Administrative Tools ...239 Changing Runlevels...240 Troubleshooting Runlevel Problems ...240 Starting and Stopping Services Manually...241 Scheduling Tasks ...242 Using at and batch to Schedule Tasks for Later...242 Using cron to Run Jobs Repeatedly...245 Basic Shell Control...248 The Shell Command Line ...248 Shell Pattern-Matching Support...250 Redirecting Input and Output...251 Piping Data ...252 Background Processing ...252 Writing and Executing a Shell Script...253 Running the New Shell Program...254 Storing Shell Scripts for Systemwide Access...255 Interpreting Shell Scripts Through Specific Shells...256 Using Variables in Shell Scripts ...258 Assigning a Value to a Variable ...258 Accessing Variable Values ...259 Positional Parameters ...259 A Simple Example of a Positional Parameter...259 Using Positional Parameters to Access and Retrieve Variables from the Command Line ...260 Using a Simple Script to Automate Tasks...261 Built-In Variables ...263 Special Characters...263 Use Double Quotes to Resolve Variables in Strings with Embedded Spaces ...264 Using Single Quotes to Maintain Unexpanded Variables ...265 Using the Backslash as an Escape Character...266 Using the Backtick to Replace a String with Output ...266 Comparison of Expressions in pdksh and bash...267 Comparing Expressions with tcsh...272 The for Statement ...276 The while Statement...277 The until Statement...279 The repeat Statement (tcsh) ...280 The select Statement (pdksh) ...280 The shift Statement ...281 The if Statement ...281 The case Statement ...283 The break and exit Statements...285 Using Functions in Shell Scripts...285 Reference ...287 12 System-Monitoring Tools 289 Console-Based Monitoring ...289 Using the kill Command to Control Processes...291 Using Priority Scheduling and Control...292 Displaying Free and Used Memory with free ...294 Disk Space ...295 Disk Quotas...296 Graphical Process and System Management Tools ...296 KDE Process- and System-Monitoring Tools ...298 Reference ...299 13 Backing Up 301 Choosing a Backup Strategy ...301 Why Data Loss Occurs...302 Assessing Your Backup Needs and Resources ...303 Evaluating Backup Strategies...304 Making the Choice ...307 Choosing Backup Hardware and Media ...307 Removable Storage Media ...308 Network Storage...309 Tape Drive Backup ...309 Using Backup Software ...310 tar: The Most Basic Backup Tool ...310 The GNOME File Roller ...312 Using the Amanda Backup Application...315 Alternative Backup Software...316 Copying Files...316 Copying Files Using tar ...317 Compressing, Encrypting, and Sending tar Streams ...317 Copying Files Using cp...318 Copying Files Using mc...318 System Rescue ...319 The Ubuntu Rescue Disc...320 Backing Up and Restoring the Master Boot Record...320 Booting the System from a Generic Boot Floppy ...320 Using a GRUB Boot Floppy ...321 Using the Recovery Facility ...322 Reference ...322 14 Networking 325 Laying the Foundation: The localhost Interface...326 Checking for the Availability of the Loopback Interface ...326 Configuring the Loopback Interface Manually ...326 Networking with TCP/IP...328 TCP/IP Addressing ...329 Using IP Masquerading in Ubuntu ...331 Ports ...332 Network Organization ...333 Subnetting...333 Subnet Masks ...334 Broadcast, Unicast, and Multicast Addressing ...334 Hardware Devices for Networking...335 Network Interface Cards...335 Network Cable ...337 Hubs and Switches...338 Routers and Bridges ...339 Initializing New Network Hardware...339 Using Network Configuration Tools...342 Command-Line Network Interface Configuration ...342 Network Configuration Files ...347 Using Graphical Configuration Tools ...349 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol ...351 How DHCP Works ...351 Activating DHCP at Installation and Boot Time ...352 DHCP Software Installation and Configuration ...353 Using DHCP to Configure Network Hosts...354 Other Uses for DHCP...357 Wireless Networking ...357 Support for Wireless Networking in Ubuntu ...357 Advantages of Wireless Networking...358 Choosing from Among Available Wireless Protocols ...359 Beyond the Network and onto the Internet ...360 Common Configuration Information...360 Configuring Digital Subscriber Line Access...362 Understanding Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet...363 Configuring a PPPoE Connection Manually...363 Configuring Dial-Up Internet Access ...365 Configuring a Dial-Up Connection Manually...365 Troubleshooting Connection Problems ...368 Reference ...369 15 Remote Access with SSH and Telnet 371 Setting Up a Telnet Server...371 Telnet Versus SSH...372 Setting Up an SSH Server ...372 The SSH Tools...373 Using scp to Copy Individual Files Between Machines...374 Using sftp to Copy Many Files Between Machines ...374 Using ssh-keygen to Enable Key-based Logins...375 Remote X...377 XDMCP...377 VNC...378 Reference ...378 Part IV Ubuntu as a Server 16 File and Print 381 Using the Network File System...382 Installing and Starting or Stopping NFS ...382 NFS Server Configuration...383 NFS Client Configuration...384 Putting Samba to Work...385 Manually Configuring Samba with /etc/samba/smb.conf...387 Testing Samba with the testparm Command ...390 Starting the smbd Daemon ...390 Mounting Samba Shares...391 Configuring Samba Using SWAT...392 Network and Remote Printing with Ubuntu...397 Creating Network Printers ...397 Enabling Network Printing on a LAN ...397 Session Message Block Printing...398 Using the Common UNIX Printing System GUI ...399 Creating a CUPS Printer Entry ...400 Avoiding Printer Support Problems...403 All-in-One (Print/Fax/Scan) Devices ...403 Using USB and Legacy Printers ...403 Reference ...405 17 Apache Web Server Management 407 About the Apache Web Server ...407 Installing the Apache Server...409 Installing with APT...409 Building the Source Yourself ...410 Starting and Stopping Apache ...413 Starting the Apache Server Manually...413 Using /etc/init.d/apache2...414 Runtime Server Configuration Settings...416 Runtime Configuration Directives ...416 Editing apache2.conf...417 Apache Multiprocessing Modules ...419 Using .htaccess Configuration Files ...420 File System Authentication and Access Control ...422 Restricting Access with allow and deny...422 Authentication...423 Final Words on Access Control ...425 Apache Modules...426 mod_access ...427 mod_alias ...427 mod_asis ...427 mod_auth...428 mod_auth_anon...428 mod_auth_dbm ...428 mod_auth_digest ...428 mod_autoindex...429 mod_cgi...429 mod_dir and mod_env ...429 mod_expires...429 mod_headers...429 mod_include ...429 mod_info and mod_log_config ...430 mod_mime and mod_mime_magic ...430 mod_negotiation ...430 mod_proxy...430 mod_rewrite...430 mod_setenvif ...430 mod_speling...431 mod_status...431 mod_ssl ...431 mod_unique_id...431 mod_userdir ...431 mod_usertrack...431 mod_vhost_alias ...431 Virtual Hosting...432 Address-Based Virtual Hosts ...432 Name-Based Virtual Hosts ...432 Logging...434 Other Web Servers for Use with Ubuntu...435 Sun ONE Web Server ...436 Zope ...436 Zeus Web Server...436 Reference ...437 18 Remote File Serving with FTP 439 Choosing an FTP Server...439 Choosing an Authenticated or Anonymous Server ...440 Ubuntu FTP Server Packages ...440 Other FTP Servers ...440 Installing FTP Software ...441 The FTP User ...442 inetd Configuration for wu-ftpd ...444 Starting the Very Secure FTP Server (vsftpd) Package...445 Configuring the Very Secure FTP Server...445 Controlling Anonymous Access...445 Other vsftpd Server Configuration Files ...446 Configuring the Server ...448 Using Commands in the ftpaccess File to Configure wu-ftpd...448 Configure Access Control...449 Configure User Information...452 Configure System Logging ...456 Configure Permission Control ...457 Configure Commands Directed Toward the cdpath...459 Structure of the shutdown File...460 Configuring FTP Server File-Conversion Actions...460 Strip Prefix ...461 Strip Postfix...461 Add-On Prefix ...461 Add-On Postfix ...461 External Command ...461 An Example of Conversions in Action...462 Using the ftphosts File to Allow or Deny FTP Server Connection ...463 Using Commands for Server Administration...464 Display Information About Connected Users...464 Count the Number of Connections...465 Use /usr/sbin/ftpshut to Schedule FTP Server Downtime ...466 Use /var/log/xferlog to View a Log of Server Transactions...467 Reference ...470 19 Handling Electronic Mail 471 How Email Is Sent and Received ...471 The Mail Transport Agent...472 Choosing an MTA...474 The Mail Delivery Agent ...474 The Mail User Agent...475 Basic Postfix Configuration and Operation ...476 Configuring Masquerading ...477 Using Smart Hosts ...477 Setting Message Delivery Intervals...477 Mail Relaying ...478 Forwarding Email with Aliases ...478 Using Fetchmail to Retrieve Mail ...479 Installing Fetchmail...479 Configuring Fetchmail ...480 Choosing a Mail Delivery Agent ...483 Procmail ...483 Spamassassin...484 Squirrelmail...484 Virus Scanners...484 Mail Daemons...485 Alternatives to Microsoft Exchange Server...485 Microsoft Exchange Server/Outlook Client ...486 CommuniGate Pro...486 Oracle Collaboration Suite ...486 Bynari...486 Open-Xchange...486 phpgroupware...487 PHProjekt ...487 Horde ...487 Reference ...488 20 Proxying and Reverse Proxying 489 What Is a Proxy Server? ...489 Installing Squid ...490 Configuring Clients ...490 Access Control Lists ...491 Specifying Client IP Addresses...495 Example Configurations ...496 Reference ...498 21 Administering Database Services 499 A Brief Review of Database Basics ...500 How Relational Databases Work ...501 Understanding SQL Basics...503 Creating Tables ...503 Inserting Data into Tables ...504 Retrieving Data from a Database...505 Choosing a Database: MySQL Versus PostgreSQL...507 Speed...507 Data Locking...508 ACID Compliance in Transaction Processing to Protect Data Integrity ...509 SQL Subqueries ...509 Procedural Languages and Triggers ...510 Configuring MySQL...510 Setting a Password for the MySQL Root User ...511 Creating a Database in MySQL ...511 Granting and Revoking Privileges in MySQL ...512 Configuring PostgreSQL ...513 Initializing the Data Directory in PostgreSQL ...514 Creating a Database in PostgreSQL ...515 Creating Database Users in PostgreSQL ...516 Deleting Database Users in PostgreSQL ...517 Granting and Revoking Privileges in PostgreSQL ...517 Database Clients...518 SSH Access to a Database...518 Local GUI Client Access to a Database ...520 Web Access to a Database...520 The MySQL Command-Line Client ...521 The PostgreSQL Command-Line Client...523 Graphical Clients...523 Reference ...524 22 LDAP 525 Configuring the Server ...526 Populating Your Directory...528 Configuring Clients ...530 Evolution ...531 Thunderbird...532 Administration...532 Reference ...533 Part V Programming Linux 23 Using Perl 537 Using Perl with Linux...537 Perl Versions ...538 A Simple Perl Program...538 Perl Variables and Data Structures...540 Perl Variable Types...540 Special Variables...541 Operators...542 Comparison Operators ...542 Compound Operators...543 Arithmetic Operators...544 Other Operators...544 Special String Constants ...545 Conditional Statements: if/else and unless...545 if ...546 unless ...546 Looping ...547 for...547 foreach ...547 while ...548 until ...548 last and next ...548 do ... while and do ... until ...549 Regular Expressions...549 Access to the Shell ...550 Modules and CPAN...551 Code Examples...552 Sending Mail...552 Purging Logs ...554 Posting to Usenet...555 One-Liners ...556 Command-Line Processing...556 Reference ...557 24 Working with Python 561 Python on Linux...561 Getting Interactive...562 The Basics of Python...563 Numbers...563 More on Strings ...564 Lists ...567 Dictionaries...569 Conditionals and Looping ...570 Functions...572 Object Orientation...573 Class and Object Variables ...574 Constructors and Destructors...575 Class Inheritance ...575 The Standard Library and the Vaults of Parnassus ...577 Reference ...577 25 Writing PHP Scripts 579 Introduction to PHP ...580 Entering and Exiting PHP Mode ...580 Variables...580 Arrays ...582 Constants...584 References ...584 Comments ...585 Escape Sequences ...585 Variable Substitution ...587 Operators ...587 Conditional Statements...589 Special Operators ...591 Switching ...592 Loops...593 Including Other Files...596 Basic Functions ...596 Strings ...596 Arrays ...600 Files ...602 Miscellaneous...604 Handling HTML Forms ...607 Databases...608 Introduction to PEAR::DB ...608 Reference ...610 26 C/C++ Programming Tools for Ubuntu 613 Programming in C with Linux ...613 Using the C Programming Project Management Tools Provided with Ubuntu...614 Building Programs with make ...615 Using Makefiles...615 Using the autoconf Utility to Configure Code ...617 Managing Software Projects with Subversion...617 Debugging Tools ...618 Using the GNU C Compiler ...619 Graphical Development Tools ...620 Using the KDevelop Client...620 The Glade Client for Developing in GNOME...621 Reference ...623 27 Mono 625 Why Use Mono? ...625 Mono on the Command Line ...626 The Structure of a C# Program...628 Printing Out the Parameters...629 Creating Your Own Variables ...629 Adding Some Error Checking...630 Building on Mono's Libraries ...631 Searching with Beagle...631 Creating a GUI with Gtk# ...634 Reference ...636 Part VI Ubuntu Housekeeping 28 Securing Your Machines 639 Understanding Computer Attacks...639 Assessing Your Vulnerability...641 Protecting Your Machine ...642 Securing a Wireless Network ...642 Passwords and Physical Security ...643 Configuring and Using Tripwire ...644 Devices ...645 Viruses ...645 Configuring Your Firewall...646 Forming a Disaster Recovery Plan ...647 Keeping Up-to-Date on Linux Security Issues...648 Reference ...649 29 Performance Tuning 651 Hard Disk ...651 Using the BIOS and Kernel to Tune the Disk Drives ...652 The hdparm Command...653 File System Tuning ...654 The tune2fs Command...654 The e2fsck Command...655 The badblocks Command ...655 Disabling File Access Time...655 Kernel ...655 Apache...656 MySQL...658 Measuring Key Buffer Usage...658 Using the Query Cache ...660 Miscellaneous Tweaks...661 Query Optimization ...661 Reference ...662 30 Command Line Masterclass 663 Why Use the Shell?...664 Basic Commands...665 Printing the Contents of a File with cat ...666 Changing Directories with cd ...667 Changing File Access Permissions with chmod...668 Copying Files with cp...669 Printing Disk Usage with du ...669 Finding Files by Searching with find ...670 Searches for a String in Input with grep ...673 Paging Through Output with less ...674 Creating Links Between Files with ln...676 Finding Files from an Index with locate...677 Listing Files in the Current Directory with ls ...678 Reading Manual Pages with man...679 Making Directories with mkdir ...680 Moving Files with mv...680 Listing Processes with ps ...680 Deleting Files and Directories with rm ...681 Printing the Last Lines of a File with tail...682 Printing Resource Usage with top ...682 Printing the Location of a Command with which...684 Combining Commands ...684 Multiple Terminals...686 Reference ...687 31 Managing Software 689 Using Add/Remove Applications for Software Management...689 Using Synaptic for Software Management ...691 Staying Up-to-Date...693 Working on the Command Line ...694 Day-to-Day Usage ...694 Finding Software...697 Compiling Software from Source ...698 Reference ...699 32 Kernel and Module Management 701 The Linux Kernel ...702 The Linux Source Tree ...702 Types of Kernels...704 Managing Modules ...706 When to Recompile ...708 Kernel Versions ...708 Obtaining the Kernel Sources ...709 Patching the Kernel ...710 Compiling the Kernel ...712 Using xconfig to Configure the Kernel...717 Creating an Initial RAM Disk Image ...720 When Something Goes Wrong...721 Errors During Compile ...721 Runtime Errors, Boot Loader Problems, and Kernel Oops ...722 Reference ...723 Part VII Appendixes A Ubuntu Under the Hood 727 What Is Linux?...727 Why Use Linux?...729 What Is Ubuntu?...730 Roots of Ubuntu ...730 Ubuntu for Business...731 Ubuntu in Your Home ...732 64-Bit Ubuntu ...733 Ubuntu on the PPC Platform ...733 Getting the Most from Ubuntu and Linux Documentation ...733 Ubuntu Developers and Documentation ...735 Reference ...735 B Installation Resources 737 Planning Your Ubuntu Deployment ...738 Business Considerations ...738 System Considerations ...741 User Considerations...742 A Predeployment Planning Checklist ...742 Planning the Installation...742 Hardware Requirements...743 Meeting the Minimum Ubuntu Hardware Requirements ...743 Using Legacy Hardware ...744 Planning for Hard Drive Storage for Your Ubuntu Installation ...744 Checking Hardware Compatibility ...745 Preparing for Potential Hardware Problems...746 Preparing and Using a Hardware Inventory ...749 Preparing for the Install Process ...750 Preparing to Install from a CD-ROM ...753 Partitioning Before and During Installation ...754 Choosing a Partitioning Scheme...756 Hosting Parts of the Linux File System on Separate Partitions ...756 Reference ...757 C Ubuntu and Linux Internet Resources 759 Websites and Search Engines...760 Web Search Tips...760 Google Is Your Friend ...761 Ubuntu Package Listings ...761 Certification...761 Commercial Support...762 Documentation...762 Linux Guides...763 Ubuntu...763 Mini-CD Linux Distributions ...763 Various Intel-Based Linux Distributions ...764 PowerPC-Based Linux Distributions...764 Linux on Laptops and PDAs...765 The X Window System ...765 Usenet Newsgroups...765 Mailing Lists...767 Ubuntu Project Mailing Lists...767 Internet Relay Chat...767 Index 769

Author Biography

Andrew Hudson is a freelance journalist who specializes in writing about Linux. He has significant experience in Red Hat and Debian-based Linux distributions and deployments and can often be found sitting at his keyboard tweaking various settings and config files just for the hell of it. He lives in Wiltshire, which is a county of England, along with his wife, Bernice, and their son, John. Andrew does not like Emacs. He can be reached at andy.hudson@gmail.com. Paul Hudson is a recognized expert in open-source technologies. He is also a professional developer and full-time journalist for Future Publishing. His articles have appeared in Mac Format, PC Answers, PC Format, PC Plus, and Linux Format. Paul is passionate about free software in all its forms and uses a mix of Linux and BSD to power his desktops and servers. Paul likes Emacs. Paul can be contacted through http://hudzilla.org.