This book covers the history and progress of HIV prevention and treatment efforts in Nigeria. The book highlights the successful collaborations that developed over the years between Nigerian HIV/AIDS specialists and their Western counterparts. Launched in 2003, US President George W. Bush started the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, the largest effort by any nation to combat a single disease. He envisioned that the program would "...turn the tide against AIDS in the most afflicted nations of Africa and the Caribbean." The result of these relationships has been a sustainable infrastructure of indigenous, well-established public and private health entities. This collaborative effort has demonstrated a reduction in the impact of the HIV/AIDS epidemic on the people of Nigeria with 800,000 currently receiving life-saving treatment. Similar strides have been made in prevention, systems strengthening, human capital and infrastructure capacity development efforts.