With a strong emphasis on social and cultural history, this book focuses on the major international themes and historical processes that shaped the 20th century.

Table of Contents

List of Maps. Preface. Prologue. Part I. The Birth of the 20th Century. Accelerating Change and the Transition to the Twentieth Century. Redrawing the Global Map. Social Transformations and the Coming of the Twentieth Century. Intellectual Foundations for a New Century. Part Overview. 1. Western Industrialization and the Foundations of the 20th Century. Introduction. The Industrial Revolution in Europe. Document: Feminism. The Consolidation of the Industrial Order, 1850--1914. Analysis: The United States in World History. Diplomatic Tensions Among the Western Powers. Conclusion: Diplomacy And Society. Further Reading. On the Web. 2. Extending the Industrial Core: The Emergence of Russiaand Japanas 20th-Century Powers. Introduction. Reforms in Russia, 1861--1914. Protest and Revolution. Document: Conditions Under Russian Industrialization. Japan: Reform, Industrialization, and Rise to Global Power. Analysis: The Separate Paths of Japan and China. Conclusion: Responses to the West and the Question of Autonomy. Further Reading. On the Web. 3. Industrialization and Imperialism: The Making of a Global Colonial Order. Introduction. Industrial Rivalries and the Partition of the World, 1870--1914. Colonial Regimes and African and Asian Peoples. Analysis: Western Education and the Rise of an African and Asian Middle Class. White Dominions and Mixed Settler Colonies. Document: Contrary Images: The Colonizer vs. the Colonized on the "Civilizing Mission." Conclusion: The Pattern of the Age of Imperialism. Further Reading. On the Web. 4. Precarious Sovereignty: Western Informal Empire and Constricted Development in Latin America, the Middle East, and China. Introduction. National Consolidation in Latin America. Analysis: Explaining Underdevelopment. The Great Boom, 1880--1920. From Empire to Nation: Ottoman Retreat and the Birth of Turkey. The Last Dynasty: The Slow Death of the Qing Empire in China. Document: Building a New China. Conclusion: Islamic and Chinese Responses to the Challenge of the West. Further Reading. On the Web. Part II. A Half-Century of Crisis, 1914--1945. Decades of Turmoil. Foundations of an Era of Revolutions and Totalitarian States. Part Overview. 5. Descent into the Abyss: World War I and the Crisis of the European Global Order. Introduction. The Coming of the Great War. A World at War. Failed Peace. World War I and the Nationalist Assault on the European Colonial Order. Document: Lessons for the Colonized from the Slaughter in the Trenches. Analysis: Women in Asian and African Nationalist Movements. Conclusion: After Catastrophe. Further Reading. On the Web. 6. The Postwar World: The Unfolding of Revolutionary Challenges. Introduction. The Disarray of Western Europe, 1918--1929. The West Outside Europe: The British Commonwealth and the United States. Revolution: The First Waves. Document: Socialist Realism. Analysis: A Century of Revolutions. Conclusion: The Enduring Impact of a Catastrophic Global War. Further Reading. On the Web. 7. Global Depression and the Challenge of Totalitarianism. Introduction. The Global Great Depression. Analysis: The Decline of the West? The 1930s in Latin America. The Militarization of Japan. Stalinism in the Soviet Union. Document: The Leader of the Soviet Union Evaluates the Depression. Conclusion: Economic Autarky and the Coming of Another World War. Further Reading. On the Web. 8. A Second Global Conflict and the End of the European World Order. Introduction. Old and New Causes of a Second World War. Analysis: Total War. Unchecked Aggression and the Coming of the War in Europe and the Pacific. The Conduct of a Second Global War. War's End and The Emergence of the Superpower Standoff . Document: Japan and the Loss in World War II. Nationalism and Decolonization. Conclusion: The Limits of Decolonization. Further Reading. On the Web. Part III. After the Deluge: World History in the Era of the Cold War. Cold War Transformations and the Transition to a New Era. The Cold War and Shifts in the Balance of Global Power. Global Adjustments: Recovery in Japan, Post-Colonial Options, and the Persistence of Revolution. Portents of the Future of the Global Community. 9. The West and the World during the Cold War: Changing Definitions and Changing Roles. Introduction. After World War II: International Setting for the West. The Resurgence of Western Europe. Document: Youth Culture in the 1960s. Cold War Allies: the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Analysis: The United States and Western Europe: Convergence and Complexity. Culture and Society in the West. Conclusion: Adjusting to Advanced Industrial Society. Further Reading. On the Web. 10. The Eastern Bloc, the Cold War, and Global Repercussions. Introduction. Themes in Eastern European History Since 1945. Soviet Culture: Promoting New Beliefs and Institutions. Document: 1986: A New Wave of Reform. Analysis: The Nature of Totalitarianism. Conclusion: Before the Fall. Further Reading. On the Web. 11. The Post-Colonial Era in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Introduction. The Challenges of Independence. Analysis: Artificial Nations and the Rising Tide of Communal Strife. Paths to Economic Growth and Social Justice. Document: Cultural Creativity in the Emerging Nations: Some Literary Samples. Conclusion: The Post-Colonial Experience in Historical Perspective. Further Reading. On the Web. 12. Cold War Confrontations and the Resurgence of Revolution. Introduction. Mao's China and Beyond. The Vietnam Wars for National Liberation. Revolutions and Superpower Interventions in Latin America. Document: The People Speak. Analysis: Human Rights in the 20th Century. Conclusion: Mixed Returns from Revolution in a Turbulent Century. Further Reading. On the Web. 13. Up from the Ashes: Japanand the Pacific Rimin New Global Roles. Introduction. The Aftermath of World War II in Eastern Asia. Japan, Incorporated. Document: Wariness of the West and Defense of Japanese Traditions. The Pacific Rim: New Japans? Common Themes in the Pacific Rim. Analysis: The Pacific Rim as a U.S. Policy Issue. Conclusion: The Pacific Rim as Exception or as Model. Further Reading. On the Web. Part IV. After the Fall: Toward a New Millennium. Toward Globalization: Promise and Perils. Troubling Contours of a New World Order. 14. The End of the Cold War and the Shape of a New Era. Introduction. The Spread of Democracy. The End of the Cold War. The Great Powers. ANALYSIS: How Much Historical Change? Regional Disputes and Alliances. Document: Democratic Protest & Repression in China. CONCLUSION: New Trends in the Post-Cold War Era. Further Reading. On the Web. 15. Globalization and Its Enemies: The Challenges of Fashioning a 21st Century World Order. Introduction. The Resurgence of Globalization. Document: Protests against Globalization. A World of Religious and Ethnic Conflict. Analysis: Terrorism, Then and Now. America Ascendant: From the Second Gulf War to Afghanistan. Global Warming and a Planet in Peril. Conclusion: Back to the Future? Further Reading. On the Web. 16. Epilogue: Global History Yet to Come. Introduction. Periodization: New Events and Uncertainty. Trends in World Societies. The World's Future as Promise or Threat. Problematic Predictions. Regions, Civilizations, and World Forces. Conclusion:Asking Questions. Further Reading. Credits C-1 Index I-1