This is the fourth edition of the undisputed classic on the prefrontal cortex, the principal 'executive' structure of the brain. Because of its role in such cognitive functions as working memory, planning, and decision-making, the prefrontal cortex is critically involved in the organization of behavior, language, and reasoning. Prefrontal dysfunction lies at the foundation of several psychotic and neurodegenerative disorders, including schizophrenia and dementia. This title is written by an award-winning author who discovered 'memory cells' - the physiological substrate of working memory. It provides an in-depth examination of the contributions of every relevant methodology, from comparative anatomy to modern imaging. It is well-referenced with more than 2000 references.