Ontario is the most populous province in Canada and perhaps also the most complex. It encompasses a range of regions, cities, and local cultures, while also claiming a longstanding pre-eminence in Canadian federalism. The second edition of The Politics of Ontario aims to understand this unique and ever-changing province. The new edition captures the growing diversity of Ontario, with new chapters on race and Ontario politics, Black Ontarians, and Indigenous Ontario. With contributors from across the province, the book analyses the political institutions of Ontario, key areas such as gender, northern Ontario, the intricate Ontario political economy, and public policy challenges with the environment, labour relations, governing the GTA, and healthcare. Completely refreshed from the earlier edition, it emphasizes the evolution of Ontario and key public policy challenges facing the province. In doing so, The Politics of Ontario provides readers with a thorough understanding of this complicated province.