David R. Olson is University Professor Emeritus of the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education/University of Toronto. He has written extensively on language, literacy, and cognition, including the widely anthologized article 'From Utterance to Text: The Bias of Language in Speech and Writing' (1977). His book The World on Paper (Cambridge University Press, 1994) has been translated into several languages. He is co-editor with Nancy Torrance of The Handbook of Education and Human Development (1996), co-editor with Michael Cole of Technology, Literacy and the Evolution of Society: Implications of the Work of Jack Goody (2006), co-editor with Janet Astington and Paul Harris of Developing Theories of Mind (Cambridge University Press, 1988), co-editor with Nancy Torrance of Literacy and Orality (Cambridge University Press, 1991), and co-editor with Nancy Torrance and Angela Hildyard of Literacy, Language and Learning (Cambridge University Press, 1985). His most recent authored book is Psychological Theory and Educational Reform: How School Remakes Mind and Society (Cambridge University Press, 2003). Nancy Torrance has worked as a Senior Research Officer/Research Associate in the Centre for Applied Cognitive Science and the International Centre for Educational Change at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto. She has worked extensively with David Olson on a theory of the social development of literacy and the acquisition of literacy in young children and with Lorna Earl on the evaluation of school reform efforts in Manitoba, Ontario, and England. She is co-editor with David Olson of several volumes, including On the Making of Literate Societies: Literacy and Social Development (2001), The Handbook of Education and Human Development: New Models of Learning, Teaching and Schooling (1996), Literacy and Orality (Cambridge University Press, 1991), and, with David Olson and Angela Hildyard, Literacy, Language and Learning (Cambridge University Press, 1985).