A conference on team performance measurement held at the University of South Florida led to the publication of this book. Several participants at the conference felt that a book on team performance measurement would be of interest to a broader audience, and they began looking for authors in diverse disciplines. Some of the chapters in this book closely follow material presented at the conference. Many others report work that was done subsequently or was done by authors not present at the conference. The result is a book with a diversity of approaches to measurement and which contains illustrations of many different teams. This book brings together a collection of scholars and practitioners focusing solely on the problem of team performance measurement. The first section provides a theoretical basis for measurement, including designing measures to be used in team training, measures of shared mental models, and measures of team workload. The second section addresses methodological developments and issues, including the design and validation of simulations, surveys and observer checklists. It also deals with issues such as the consistency of team performance and task and level of analysis issues. The third section contains several chapters that provide applications and illustrations of team performance measures in such teams as nuclear power control room operators, theatre technical crews, and aircraft cockpit crews. The final section offers guidance for anyone interested in developing their own measures of team performance. Several of the chapters provide recommendations on how, when and why to measure aspects of teams. In addition to describing what is currently known, the book also discusses what remains to be known and what needs to be done next. In addition, there are examples from several different kinds of teams, including aircrews, nuclear power plant operators, hospital workers, ship combat information centre groups, and theatre technicians.