Solaris 10 System Administration Part II Exam CX-310-202 Bill Calkins In this book you'll learn Advanced Topics in Solaris 10 System Administration for SPARC and x86-based systems including: *Administering the network environment in Solaris 10 *Setting up RAID metadevices using SVM *Configuring ZFS storage pools and file systems *Configuring and administering Solaris zones and containers *Administering virtual file systems and swap space *Creating and administering user and Role-Based access accounts (RBAC) *Using advanced installation tools to install, clone, and upgrade the operating system Bill's original Cert Prep guides were used throughout Sun's service organization as the SEs studied for Certification. This was not mandated by Sun management but happened through word-of-mouth by those software engineers who had successfully passed the exam. In this new edition, Bill adds a chapter for ZFS. It includes Live Upgrade conversion to a ZFS root filesystem and Zone/ZFS inter-operation. Plus, all chapters have been updated to reflect the Solaris 10 10/08 enhancements. This new guide remains the best source of preparation for the Solaris 10 Cert exam. --Brian Howard, Systems Engineer / Solaris Ambassador WRITTEN BY A LEADING SOLARIS EXPERT! Bill Calkins is owner and president of Pyramid Consulting, a computer training and consulting firm specializing in the implementation and administration of open systems. He works as a consultant with Sun Microsystems and has contributed extensively to the Solaris certification program and simulation technology. He also owns www.unixed.com, a website that provides online UNIX training materials. Bill has more than 20 years of experience in UNIX system administration, consulting, and training at more than 250 different companies and government agencies and has authored several books on Solaris. CD Features ExamGear Practice Questions! The CD features instant scoring, matching to objectives, instant answer feedback, plus more! / 60 questions for a real exam experience! / Flashcards with text from the book explain each question. / Download additional practice questions from http://www.unixed.com! / A free, bookmarked electronic copy of the book. informit.com/examcram ISBN-13: 978-0-7897-3817-2 ISBN-10: 0-7897-3817-1 U.S. $49.99 CAN. $59.99 Net U.K. GBP36.99

Table of Contents

Introduction ... 1 Study and Exam Prep Tips... 9 Part I: Exam Preparation Chapter 1: The Solaris Network Environment ... 17 Introduction ... 20 Client/Server Model... 20 Hosts... 20 IPv4 Addressing ... 21 Network Interfaces... 22 Controlling and Monitoring an IPv4 Network Interface ... 22 Configuring an IPv4 Network Interface ... 26 Changing the System Hostname ... 29 Network Services ... 31 RPC Services ... 34 Network Maintenance ... 36 Summary ... 40 Key Terms ... 40 Apply Your Knowledge ... 41 Exercises... 41 Exam Questions ... 43 Answers to Exam Questions ... 45 Suggested Reading and Resources... ' 47 Chapter 2: Virtual File Systems, Swap Space, and Core Dumps ... 49 Introduction ... 52 The Swap File System ... 52 Swap Space and TMPFS ... 53 Sizing Swap Space... 54 Monitoring Swap Resources ... 55 Setting Up Swap Space ... 58 Core File Configuration ... 63 Crash Dump Configuration ... 66 NFS ... 68 NFS Version 4... 69 Servers and Clients ... 69 NFS Daemons... 70 Setting Up NFS ... 71 Mounting a Remote File System ... 74 NFS Server Logging ... 78 Troubleshooting NFS Errors ... 80 AutoFS ... 81 AutoFS Maps... 85 When to Use automount... 97 Sun Update Connection Service ... 97 Using the Update Manager... 98 Sun Update Manager Proxy ... 103 Summary ... 104 Key Terms ... 104 Apply Your Knowledge ... 105 Exercises... 105 Exam Questions ... 109 Answers to Exam Questions ... 116 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 120 Chapter 3: Managing Storage Volumes ... 121 Introduction ... 124 RAID ... 124 RAID 0... 126 RAID 1... 128 RAID 5... 129 RAID 0+1... 130 RAID 1+0... 130 Solaris Volume Manager (SVM)... 132 SVM Volumes ... 133 Planning Your SVM Configuration ... 136 Metadisk Driver ... 139 SVM Commands ... 139 Creating the State Database ... 141 Monitoring the Status of the State Database ... 143 Creating a RAID 0 (Concatenated) Volume... 146 Creating a RAID 0 (Stripe) Volume... 149 Monitoring the Status of a Volume ... 149 Creating a Soft Partition ... 150 Expanding an SVM Volume ... 153 Creating a Mirror ... 156 Unmirroring a Noncritical File System ... 159 Placing a Submirror Offline ... 160 Mirroring the Root File System on a SPARC-Based System... 162 Mirroring the Root File System on an x86-Based System ... 166 Unmirroring the Root File System ... 173 Veritas Volume Manager ... 176 Summary ... 179 Key Terms ... 179 Apply Your Knowledge ... ' 180 Exercise ... 180 Exam Questions ... 181 Answers to Exam Questions ... 184 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 185 Chapter 4: Controlling Access and Configuring System Messaging... 187 Introduction ... 189 Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) ... 189 Using RBAC ... 190 RBAC Components ... 195 syslog ... 203 Using the logger Command ... 208 Summary ... 209 Key Terms ... 209 Apply Your Knowledge ... 210 Exercise ... 210 Exam Questions ... 211 Answers to Exam Questions ... 214 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 215 Chapter 5: Naming Services ... 217 Introduction ... 220 Name Services Overview... 220 The Name Service Switch File ... 222 /etc Files... 226 NIS ... 227 The Structure of the NIS Network ... 227 Determining How Many NIS Servers You Need ... 228 Determining Which Hosts Will Be NIS Servers... 229 Information Managed by NIS ... 229 Planning Your NIS Domain ... 233 Configuring an NIS Master Server ... 234 Setting Up NIS Clients ... 243 Setting Up NIS Slave Servers... 244 Creating Custom NIS Maps ... 245 NIS Security ... 246 Troubleshooting NIS ... 247 NIS+... 248 Hierarchical Namespace ... 249 NIS+ Security ... 249 Authentication... 249 Authorization... 250 DNS... 251 Configuring the DNS Client ... 252 Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP)... 254 Sun Java System Directory Server ... 255 Name Service Cache Daemon (nscd) ... 258 The getent Command ... 260 Summary ... 261 Key Terms ... 261 Apply Your Knowledge ... 262 Exercises... 262 Exam Questions ... 264 Answers to Exam Questions ... 269 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 270 Chapter 6: Solaris Zones ... 271 Introduction ... 274 Consolidation and Resource Management ... 275 Consolidation ... 276 Solaris Zones... 277 Types of Zones ... 277 Zone Features ... 279 Nonglobal Zone Root File System Models ... 280 Networking in a Zone Environment ... 281 Zone Daemons ... 282 Configuring a Zone ... 282 Viewing the Zone Configuration ... 287 Installing a Zone ... 289 Booting a Zone ... 289 Halting a Zone ... 290 Rebooting a Zone ... 291 Uninstalling a Zone ... 291 Deleting a Zone ... 292 Zone Login ... 292 Creating a Zone ... 296 Making Modifications to an Existing Zone ... 299 Moving a Zone ... 300 Migrating a Zone ... 300 Cloning a Zone ... 302 Backing Up a Zone... 304 Summary ... 305 Key Terms ... 305 Apply Your Knowledge ... 306 Exercise ... 306 Exam Questions ... 308 Answers to Exam Questions ... 312 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 313 Chapter 7: Advanced Installation Procedures: JumpStart, Flash Archive, and PXE ... 315 Introduction ... 318 Custom JumpStart ... 318 Preparing for a Custom JumpStart Installation ... 320 What Happens During a Custom JumpStart Installation?... 321 Differences Between SPARC and x86/x64-Based Systems ... 321 The Boot Server ... 324 The Install Server ... 329 The Configuration Server ... 331 The Rules File... 333 begin and finish Scripts ... 342 Creating class Files ... 343 Testing Class Files ... 363 sysidcfg File ... 366 Setting Up JumpStart in a Name Service Environment ... 372 Setting Up Clients ... 372 Troubleshooting JumpStart... 375 A Sample JumpStart Installation ... 376 Solaris Flash ... 382 Creating a Flash Archive ... 383 Using the Solaris Installation Program to Install a Flash Archive... 387 Creating a Differential Flash Archive ... 390 Solaris Flash and JumpStart ... 391 Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) ... 392 Preparing for a PXE Boot Client ... 393 Booting the x86 Client... 402 Summary ... 403 Key Terms ... 403 Apply Your Knowledge ... 404 Exercise ... 404 Exam Questions ... 407 Answers to Exam Questions ... 412 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 414 Chapter 8: Advanced Installation Procedures: WAN Boot and Live Upgrade ... 415 Introduction to WAN Boot ... 418 WAN Boot Requirements ... 418 WAN Boot Components... 420 The WAN Boot Process ... 421 The WAN Boot Server ... 421 Configure the WAN Boot Server... 422 Configure the WAN Boot and JumpStart Files ... 423 The wanboot.conf File... 428 Booting the WAN Boot Client... 431 Solaris Live Upgrade ... 437 Live Upgrade Requirements ... 438 Solaris Live Upgrade Process ... 439 Maintaining Solaris Live Upgrade Boot Environments ... 456 Summary ... 462 Key Terms ... 462 Apply Your Knowledge ... 463 Exercises... 463 Exam Questions ... 463 Answers to Exam Questions ... 466 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 467 Chapter 9: Administering ZFS File Systems ... 469 Introduction to ZFS... 472 ZFS Storage Pools ... 472 ZFS Is Self-Healing ... 473 Simplified Administration ... 474 ZFS Terms ... 474 ZFS Hardware and Software Requirements... 475 ZFS RAID Configurations ... 476 Creating a Basic ZFS File System ... 476 Renaming a ZFS File System ... 478 Listing ZFS File Systems... 478 Removing a ZFS File System ... 479 Removing a ZFS Storage Pool ... 480 ZFS Components ... 481 Using Disks in a ZFS Storage Pool ... 482 Using Files in a ZFS Storage Pool... 482 Mirrored Storage Pools ... 483 RAID-Z Storage Pools ... 484 Displaying ZFS Storage Pool Information ... 484 Adding Devices to a ZFS Storage Pool... 488 Attaching and Detaching Devices in a Storage Pool... 489 Converting a Nonredundant Pool to a Mirrored Pool ... 490 Detaching a Device from a Mirrored Pool ... 491 Taking Devices in a Storage Pool Offline and Online ... 492 ZFS History ... 494 ZFS Properties ... 494 Setting ZFS Properties ... 497 Mounting ZFS File Systems ... 500 Legacy Mount Points... 502 Sharing ZFS File Systems ... 504 ZFS Web-Based Management GUI ... 506 ZFS Snapshots ... 508 Creating a ZFS Snapshot... 508 Listing ZFS Snapshots... 509 Saving and Restoring a ZFS Snapshot... 510 Destroying a ZFS Snapshot ... 510 Renaming a ZFS Snapshot ... 510 Rolling Back a ZFS Snapshot ... 511 ZFS Clones ... 512 Destroying a ZFS Clone ... 513 Replacing a ZFS File System with a ZFS Clone ... 513 zpool Scrub ... 514 Replacing Devices in a Storage Pool ... 515 A ZFS Root File System ... 517 Using ZFS for Solaris Zones ... 518 Adding a ZFS Dataset to a Nonglobal Zone ... 519 Delegating a ZFS Dataset to a Nonglobal Zone ... 521 Summary ... 523 Key Terms ... 524 Apply Your Knowledge ... 524 Exercise ... 524 Exam Questions ... 525 Answers to Exam Questions ... 532 Suggested Reading and Resources ... 534 Part II: Final Review Fast Facts ... 537 Practice Exam... 565 Answers to Practice Exam ... 583 What's on the CD-ROM (On the Book's Website) Glossary (On the Book's Website) Index ... 591

Author Biography

Bill Calkins (Grand Rapids, MI) is owner and president of Pyramid Consulting, a computer training and consulting firm specializing in the implementation and administration of Open Systems. He also owns www.UnixEd.com, a web site providing online UNIX training materials. Calkins has 20+ years of experience in UNIX system administration, consulting, and training at more than 100 different companies. He has authored several best-selling UNIX textbooks. Calkins consults with Sun Microsystems on its certification exams, and has written questions for the exam covered in this book.