In today's digital age, the proper administration and safeguarding of data have assumed a position of utmost importance, particularly in the sectors of research and technology, where new ideas and information are the driving forces behind advancement. The book "Secure Data Handling in Science and Technology" is a thorough guide that digs into the essential importance of data security and gives a roadmap for securing sensitive information in these disciplines. Its title comes from the combination of the two words "secure data handling," which refers to the handling of data in scientific and technological fields. The growth of modern science and technology is impossible without the use of data in some capacity. Research is fueled by it, innovation is driven by it, and decision-making processes are supported by it. On the other hand, the data that drives innovation is also vulnerable to a variety of dangers, such as cyberattacks, breaches caused by insiders, and violations of privacy rights. This book provides a comprehensive investigation into the complex landscape of data security as it relates to the fields of science and technology. The first part of the book lays a solid groundwork by introducing the concept of data security and describing the shifting nature of the threat landscape. It emphasizes the significance of discriminating between sensitive, confidential, and personal data and elaborates on the cybersecurity threats that every scientist, technologist, and everyone who handles data must be aware of. In addition to this, it offers a summary of data security principles as well as best practices, which work as cornerstones throughout the rest of the book. The ever-shifting legal and regulatory landscape pertaining to data privacy is one of the most important topics that are covered in this book. It analyzes worldwide data privacy frameworks such as GDPR, CCPA, and HIPAA, and demonstrates the impact that these frameworks have on the way data is handled in businesses. The reader gains a better knowledge of the ramifications of non-compliance by reading case studies of data privacy infractions. After that, the book delves into the meat and potatoes of secure data handling, which covers the entirety of the data lifecycle. It provides insights into establishing solutions that are both practical and robust, covering everything from the security of data collection and storage to the security of data transmission and communication. Important issues including user identification, role-based access control, and secure data processing and analysis are addressed by it.