The impact of classical Rome on ancient Britain, as perceived by the late Victorian and Edwardian elites, was a resource of immense contemporary political value. The images it produced helped to define the idea and practice of British imperialism, and the very concept of Englishness. Academics colluded in this process and this created a legacy in Roman archaeology that persists to the present day. Richard Hingleys pioneering work explores this fascinating relationship. His thorough examination of late Victorian and Edwardian writings on Rome and the ancient Britons illuminates the historical context and development of Roman archaeology, and simultaneously makes an exciting contribution to the current debates on English identity and imperialism. This landmark study will be essential reading for scholars and students in Roman archaeology, ancient history, colonial studies and historiography.