There are many disciplines associated with taxonomy which are used by taxonomists as an aid or to improve the identification, classification and to remove existing taxonomic confusions. Among these disciplines palynology is one of the most significant tool used by modern taxonomists to identify and differentiate closely related taxas. Pollen characters have received great attention in taxonomic classification as they show more stability in their characters than morphology. The significance of pollen morphology in plant systematic has been stressed by a number of workers to delineate different taxa in terms of phylogenetic and taxonomic consideration. This monograph will shed some light on pollen morphology of medicinally important herbal flora of tropical and subtropical regions, and will be source of useful information not only for taxonomist but also for the people related to herbal pharmaceutical industries.