Human resources represents one of the largest shares of government budgets at every level. The management of people who carry out the government's work is therefore a critical issue to politicians and government managers and leaders, as well as citizens. Regardless of which administration is in office or which reforms are being touted as necessary, personnel are always at the heart of government and governing. "Personnel Management in Government: Politics and Process" highlights the rapid developments in public personnel administration and management. As one of the bestselling texts in the field, this sixth edition reflects the major changes that have occurred recently in government personnel administration, including the authorization given to the new Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense to develop their own personnel management systems.Addressing reforms in federal and state governments to illustrate the employment scene in public sector workforces, this book continues to provide updated information on the political, legal, and managerial aspects of public personnel systems and policies. It reflects the changing nature of public personnel administration. It provides up-to-date knowledge on the political, legal, and managerial aspects of public personnel management. It addresses developments in the Department of Homeland Security and in the Department of Defense. It presents major reforms in personnel policy and administration across federal, state, and local governments.

Table of Contents

THE HISTORY AND ENVIRONMENT OF PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT The First Century of Civil Service Reform Prologue: President Garfield's Assassination and the Origins of the Merit System A Historical Perspective: Enter the Spoils System The Motivation for Civil Service Reform The Impetus for Reform The Pendleton Act The Development of the Central Personnel Agency Phase I: Policing Phase II: Scientific Management Phase III: Centralization Phase IV: The Decentralization of Personnel Operations Phase V: The Demise of the Civil Service Commission Phase VI: Reform State and Local Institutional Arrangements: A History in Parallel Civil Service Reform and the Decline of the Commission Format A Summary Note on the Merits of Reform Bibliography Cases Civil Service Reform in the Postreform Era (1979-2000) Prologue: the Demise of Civil Service Protections in the Federal Government The Aftermath of the Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 Overture for Postreform: The Volcker Commission The National Performance Review and Federal Workforce Restructuring Civil Service Reform in Clinton's Second Term The "Flight of the Bumblebee": Civil Service Reform during the Bush Administration Competitive Sourcing Strategic Management of Human Capital The "Freedom to Manage" and "Managerial Flexibility" Acts Working for America Act Civil Service Reform at the State and Local Level Bibliography The Legal Framework of Public Personnel Management Prologue: Elrod v. Burns (1976) Comparing the Legal and Managerial Frameworks of Government Merit Principles and Civil Service Civil Rights and Equal Opportunity Law Ethics Law Labor Relations Enforcement The Constitutional Law of Public Employment The Individualized Rights Approach The Public Service Model Freedom of Expression: Nonpartisan Speech Political Neutrality Freedom of Association Liberty Equal Protection The Right to a Hearing Fourth Amendment Privacy The Right to Disobey Privatization Conclusion: Know Your Law Bibliography Cases THE PROCESSES OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT Human Resources Planning Prologue: Are There Any Translators in the House? The Environment for Human Resources Planning Human Resources Planning in an Era of Downsizing Recent Trends in Workforce Planning A Historical Overview of Human Resources Planning Workforce Planning Forecasting Human Resources Supply Forecasting Organizational Demands Strategic Human Resources Planning: Future Prospects Bibliography Classification and Compensation Prologue: The FAA'S Experience with Pay for Performance The Evolution of Position Classification: The Ascendancy of Scientific Management After the War: "The Triumph of Techniques over Purpose" The 1970s and the Behavioralist Critique The System Response: Factor Evaluation in the 1970s The Reform Initiative of the 1990s-Broadbanding? Pay Administration in Government Federal Pay Reform in the 1990s Class and Comp Reform in the 21st Century: Pay for Performance Redux State and Local Class and Comp Developments Bibliography Recruitment and Selection Prologue: Brenda Berkman and the New York City Fire Department The Importance of Public Employment Personal Rank versus Position Rank Essentials of the Employment Process The Legal Environment of Public Sector Selection The Development (and Decline) of the Uniform Guidelines Examinations and Validation A Federal Case History from PACE to ACWA to Others Human Capital in Government: The Next Frontier Bibliography Cases Performance Appraisal Prologue: Performance Management in the IRS The Problem of Performance Appraisal The Traditional Approach to Performance Appraisal Performance Management in the 1990s and Beyond Pay for Performance Some State Government Perspectives on Merit Pay Other Alternatives: Assessment Centers and Assessments of Multisource Appraisals Bibliography Training and Development Prologue: Developing Effective Training Programs in the Federal Government Planning/Front-End Analysis Design and Development Implementation Evaluation The Evolution of Training and Development Methods of Training: the Design Issue Career Development and the Employee On Planning Training: the Strategy Issue On Assessing Training: the Evaluation Issue Training and Development and Technology: The Issue of Choice Bibliography EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND DIVERSITY IN GOVERNMENT Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action Prologue: From Bakke to Grutter The Difference between Equal Employment Opportunity and Affirmative Action Abuses of the Past The Development of EEO The Nature of Unequal Treatment in Today's Workplace Stereotypes Glass Ceilings Subjective Discrimination Other Disparities The Power of Subtle Differences The Organization of EEO The Managerial Aspects of Affirmative Action Developing a Plan Monitoring the Plan Sexual Harassment Comparable Worth and Pay Equity The Gender Pay Gap: Causes and Cures Legal and Judicial Developments around Comparable Worth Additional EEO Concerns Age Discrimination Disability Discrimination Discrimination Based on HIV/AIDS The Future of EEO and Affirmative Action Bibliography Cases Diversity in the Workforce Prologue: Leading Diversity Practices in the Federal Government The Importance of Promoting Diversity Measures Workforce 2020 The Importance of a Representative Bureaucracy Diversity within and across Occupations Measurement Issues Strategies for Greater Inclusion Change Organizational Structures and Work Processes Leadership and Accountability Ensuring Effective Communication and Feedback Reorienting Personnel Policies and Processes Recruitment and Selection Practices Performance Appraisals, Awards, and Development Work Arrangements and Benefits Data Collection and Training Diversity Measures beyond the Organization Bibliography Cases UNIONS AND EMPLOYEE RELATIONS IN GOVERNMENT Labor-Management Relations Prologue: The New York City Transit Strike of 2005 The Development of Collective Bargaining in the Public Sector Differences between the Public and Private Sectors Adapting Collective Bargaining for the Public Sector Early History Early Change Maturation and Change in the Federal Sector The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 Labor-Management Partnerships and the NPR Labor Reforms in the 21st Century State and Local Arrangements The Nuts and Bolts of Organizing Unit Determination. Supervisors The Scope of Bargaining Impasse Resolution Strikes The Union's Role in Grievance Procedures Conclusion .. Glossary of Federal-Sector Labor-Management Relations Terms Bibliography Cases Employee Relations Prologue: Workplace Violence against Health Care and Social Service Workers Defining Employee Relations Formal Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Employee Discipline Traditional Adjudicatory Systems Alternative Dispute Resolution Approaches Job Safety and Health Substance Abuse in the Workplace Drug Testing Employee Assistance Programs Bibliography Cases Index