This text contains studies of the electronic structure of alloys using photoelectron spectroscopy, including an investigation of invar alloys. Auger studies are reported that cast some light on the interpretation of the photoemission data from copper-palladium alloys. Photoemission data from films were used to explain the differences in the strength of the bonds that they make with transition metal substrates. A new way to study the short-range order in alloys by measuring diffuse scattering of X-rays that are generated in a synchrotron is described. There are articles on the use of first-principles methods to calculate the electronic states in alloys, and from this information to predict short-range order, long-range order, and phase boundaries with no input other than the atomic numbers of the constituents of the alloy. Approximate theories, such as tight-binding and inverse Monte Carlo, are shown to give useful insights. Attention is focused on experimental studies of electronic states, atomic arrangements, structures, and other aspects of alloys using photoemission, ACAR, X-rays, and other techniques. Theoretical interpretations of these experiments and other properties of metals and alloys are also discussed. Phase transitions in alloys are highlighted.