Since the discovery and successful deployment of salvarsan to treat syphilis, as well as cisplatin as a cancer drug, the field of metallodrugs has been flourishing. In addition to therapeutic applications, metals and metal-containing molecules have properties, such as an electrochemical or an optical signal, used to diagnose biologically relevant molecules or unravel cellular metabolism. Metals are part of the essential elements for life, and of increased attention in nutraceuticals. Most of the current diagnosis processes, therapeutics and nutraceuticals are based on organic molecules. MILS-26 reviews the most recent metal-containing molecules and nanomaterials for diagnosis and therapy. Features: The field of metallodrugs has been flourishing and this areas of research can be used to diagnose specific biologically relevant molecules or unravel cellular metabolism. Discusses the properties and therapeutic applications of metals and metal-containing molecules including an electrochemical or optical signal for diagnosis of biologically relevant molecules. Endorses and stimulates research in the vibrant field of biological inorganic chemistry. Reviews the most current research supporting the relevance of metal-containing molecules and nanomaterials for diagnosis and therapy. The authors are preeminent bioinorganic and medicinal inorganic chemists and review the most current research in this field.