FERGUS CARR is Head of the School of Social, Historical and Literary Studies and Principal Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Portsmouth. He is co-author of NATO in the New European Order, editor of Europe: the Cold Divide, and editor with Andrew Massey of Public Policy in the New Europe: Eurogovernance in Theory and Practice. THERESA CALLAN is Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Portsmouth. She has presented and published papers on security provision within Europe with a particular emphasis on conflict resolution and the creation of societal security.