This book, published jointly by the Institute of Historical Research and The National Archives, updates the earlier work, 'A Clearer Sense of the Census' (1996). It now includes material relating to the recently released 1901 census returns and to the pre-1841 censuses. It includes details of the structure and geography of the census, and has comprehensive information on the houses, households, individuals and occupations that appear in the returns. There are also chapters on using the censuses, the skills required (and how you acquire them), and the various reference tools and finding aids available, online and in print. This is an invaluable guide to an important source for the history of the 19th century. 'This is an invaluable and very welcome book. It will be widely used for reference and in teaching. No-one should use the printed or manuscript records with any seriousness without having a copy' R J Morris (Edinburgh University) The author, Edward Higgs, is Reader in History at the University of Essex.