In the present study, an attempt has been made to delineate alteration in cerebellar hemisphere of albino rats following nicotine exposure. From the above findings the following conclusions were drawn: - There was no change in weight of cerebellum following long term exposure of nicotine. - The thickness of the molecular layer was decreased significantly in experimental group rats. - The thickness of the granular layer was decreased significantly in the experimental group rats. - There was marked histopathological changes like glioma in the molecular layer of the experimental group rats. - There was significant loss of the Purkinje cells following nicotine. - The shape of the Purkinje cells was grossly altered. - The vertical diameter of the Purkinje cells had decremental trend significantly following nicotine. - Although the transverse diameter of the Purkinje cells did not follow a particular trend, it was changed significantly. - The morphology of the white core of the cerebellum had extensive changes such as vacuolation, capillary dilatation, oedema.