This essential text fills a serious gap in the field by synthesizing modern Italian history and placing it in a fully European context. Including coverage of the recent April 2008 elections, this updated fourth edition offers expanded examinations of contemporary Italys economic, social, and cultural development and provides a picture of how ordinary Italians live. Emphasizing globalization, Italy traces the countrys transformation from a land of emigration to one of immigration and its growing cultural importance. Di Scala discusses the role of women and gives ample attention to the Italian South. Also new to this edition is an expanded bibliographical essay, an extended and deepened discussion on immigration, and four new biographical sketches. Cast in a clear and lively style that will appeal to students, this comprehensive account is an indispensable addition to the field.