Efforts by pharmaceutical industry to develop green methodologies for marketed pharmaceuticals with title structures will be discussed. Emphasis will be placed on the green synthetic approaches to azoles, azines and their condensed derivatives of biological interest will be surveyed. Again employing solvent less, multicomponent atom economical processes will be described. The effort to adopt alternate energy sources such as solar energy, photo energy, electrolysis and mechanochemistry will be discussed. The role of environmentally friendly catalysis in greening synthetic approaches will be demonstrated. Several novel results from our laboratories will be discussed.