Table of Contents

Ionization Growth and Breakdown.- A. Spatial growth of ionization in static uniform fields at low gas pressures.- B. The similarity principle.- C. Growth of ionization in non-uniform fields.- D. Spatial growth of ionization in static fields at high pressures.- E. The temporal growth of ionization.- The Glow Discharge at Low Pressure.- I. Introduction.- II. General description.- III. Methods of measurement in discharges.- IV. Similarity laws.- V. The cathode region.- a) Experiment.- b) Theory.- VI. The negative glow and Faraday dark space.- VII. The positive column.- a) Main types.- b) The uniform column in atomic gases: main experimental results.- c) The uniform column in molecular gases: main experimental results.- d) Gradient in very wide tubes.- e) Theory.- f) Extensions of the theory.- g) Comparison of theory and experiment.- h) The striated column.- VIII. The anode region.- IX. Cathode sputtering.- X. Special types of discharge.- XI. Miscellaneous effects.- References.- General references.- Special references.- Radiation from Low Pressure Discharges.- Glossary of special usages.- A. General aspects of gas radiance.- B. Excitation.- C. Depopulating processes.- D. Special discharges.- Major Reference Sources.- Elektrische Bogen und thermisches Plasma.- A. Allgemeine Lichtbogenphysik.- B. Lichtbogen-Phanomenologie.- I. Die Abhangigkeit der Bogenerscheinungen von den ausseren Bedingungen.- II. Allgemeine Eigenschaften stationarer und nichtstationarer Lichtbogen.- III. Ubersicht uber die wichtigsten Lichtbogentypen.- C. Theorie des thermischen Plasmas.- I. Das thermische Gleichgewicht und Quasineutralitat im Bogenplasma.- II. Einfuhrung in die Thermodynamik irreversibler Prozesse.- III. Diffusions- und Energiestrome in reagierenden Gasen.- IV. Eigenschaften des reinen Plasmas.- V. Irreversible Prozesse im System mit drei Komponenten.- VI. Diskussion der Plasmagleichungen.- VII. Berechnung der thermodynamischen Zustandsgrossen.- VIII. Ruckfuhrung der Koeffizienten auf die Stossquerschnitte.- IX. Strahlung des Plasmas.- D. Die Bogensaule.- I. Allgemeines.- II. Messung der Zustandsgrossen in der Saule.- III. Die Bogensaule als Ganzes.- E. Kathodische Erscheinungen und Kathodenmechanismus von Lichtbogen.- I. Kathodische Erscheinungen und empirische Daten.- II. Kathodenfalitheorien.- F. Anodische Erscheinungen, anodisch bestimmte Sonderformen von Lichtbogen und Anodenfallmechanismen.- I. Anodische Erscheinungen und empirische Daten.- II. Anodisch bestimmte Lichtbogen und ihre Eigenschaften.- III. Anodenfalltheorien.- Bibliographie.- Bucher uber elektrische Lichtbogen.- Spezielle Literatur.- Electrical Breakdown of Gases with Steady or Direct Current Impulse Potentials.- Foreword.- I. Introduction. Basic definitions.- II. The growth of the Townsend discharge.- III. Properties of the threshold equation.- IV. Statistical fluctuations of Townsend or other breakdowns and the various time lags.- V. Breakdown in non-uniform fields and near highly stressed anodes. Photo-ionization in gases. Streamers and burst pulses.- VI. The role of the streamer in uniform field breakdown and the long time lags of sparking.- a) Application of Meek's theory to sparks in air.- b) Search for transition from streamer to Townsend spark.- VII. Breakdown in asymmetrical fields at steady potential: The coronas, glows and sparks.- VIII. Breakdown in non-uniform but symmetrical fields at steady potentials.- IX. Impulse breakdown in non-uniform fields.- X. Sparks in very short gaps, at high pressures and in vacuum.- References.- Breakdown in Gases: Alternating and High-Frequency Fields.- Table of symbols.- A. Diffusion controlled breakdown.- I. Behavior of the average electron.- II. Theories based on the Boltzmann transport equation.- a) High-frequency electric fields.- b) The effects of nonuniform fields.- c) Effects of a superimposed d.c. field.- d) Effects of a superimposed magnetic field.- B. Electron attachment controlled breakdown.- C. Mobility-controlled breakdown.- D. Secondary electron resonance breakdown.- E. Summary of high-frequency breakdown mechanisms.- The Lightning Discharge.- A. Introduction.- B. General features of ground and air discharges.- C. Photographic studies of luminosity in the discharge.- I. Methods.- II. Results obtained by the photographic method.- a) Flashes to ground.- b) Air discharges.- c) Cloud discharges.- d) The apparent diameters of streamer channels.- D. Electrical Observations; methods and results.- I. Methods of low time resolution.- II. Methods of high and intermediate time-resolution.- III. Currents and current-time variations.- IV. Discharges to very tall structures.- V. Fast electrical field-change studies.- VI. Radar studies of interstroke streamers in the cloud.- VII. Heights of the regions initiating successive strokes.- VIII. Cloud and air discharges.- E. The mechanism of breakdown and of streamer propagation.- Major references and notes.- Sachverzeichnis (Deutsch-Englisch).- Subject Index (English-German).