• • • • Table of Contents 1 Introduction: Objective and Scope of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 Sector and Territory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2. 1 Sector and Territory. Crossed Competencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2. 2 Variety of "Models" of Territorial Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 2. 1 The Factors of Spatial Competency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2. 2. 2 Agglomeration, Specialization, Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2. 3 From Territorial Governance to Global Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2. 3. 1 The Concept of Territorial Governance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2. 3. 2 Governance Structure relations with Local Models. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2. 3. 3 Local Governance Between Macro and Micro. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2. 4 Relations Sector-Territory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3 The Aeronautical Sector: Recent Tendencies. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3. 1 The Organizational Model in the Industry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 3. 1. 1 Defense and the Aeronautical Sector as Public Goods. . . . . . . . . . . 24 3. 1. 2 Forms of Ownership and Regulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 25 3. 1. 3 Organization of the Aeronautical Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 3. 1. 4 The Aeronautical Industry and Technology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 3. 1. 5 Product Design, Comparative Advantages and Reliability. . . . . 28 3. 1. 6 Aeronautical Firm and Production Costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 3. 1. 7 From Production Costs to Transaction Costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3. 1. 8 Knowledge Flow in the Sector. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3. 1. 9 The Organizational Model and its Consequences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3. 2 New Concept of the Product. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 3. 2. 1 Cascade Organization of Subcontracting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 3. 2. 3 Subcontracting Relations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3. 3 EADS: Its Increasing Importance in the World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3. 3. 1 Structure in the Global Aeronautical Market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .