Many real-world problems in science and engineering, including physical, biological, and social phenomena, can be mathematically formulated and rigorously solved by modeling them in linear and nonlinear differential and partial differential equations. This Special Issue titled "Differential Equations and Asymptotic Analysis: Recent Advances and Applications" consists of a collection of papers written by eminent mathematicians and experts in their fields, covering many different areas of nonlinear analysis, both theoretical and applied, related to differential equations, including fixed point theory, monotone operator theory, equilibrium problems and optimization, asymptotic analysis, mathematical biology, and numerical computations. We hope that this Special Issue will be of interest to many researchers, as well as graduate students working in these fields.