Child malnutrition and child mortality plagues an excessively large number of children in India. The prevalence of high malnourished child puts the country slightly off target to achieve the child malnutrition related millennium development goals. Using the data generated by National Family Health Survey, Government of India, this study examines the trends and determinants of undernutritional status and child mortality in India. Analyzing the determinants of child nutritional status and child mortality in India, this study makes some alternative policy suggestions for reducing the rate of child mortality and undernutritional status of children in India. The Book is envisaged to cater the needs of the Students of Economics, Demography, Education, Health & Hygiene and sociology. It is expected that the findings of the study would be useful to academicians in general, planners and policy makers.