Table of Contents

I. Pathological Basis of Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease.- Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.- Criteria for the Clinical Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease: Transcultural Aspects.- Clinical And Neuropathological Findings from Cerad.- Differentiating Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Dementia: Reframing the Question.- Neuropathology Of Alzheimer's Disease.- Basis of Structural Alzheimer Disease and Some Pathogenic Concepts.- Regional Distribution of Neuropathological Changes in Alzheimer's Disease.- Alzheimer Neurofibrillary Degeneration: A Feasible and Key Target for Therapeutics.- Diabetes and Dementia: A Retrospective Neuropathologic Study of Old Diabetics Compared to Non-Diabetic Controls.- Processing of Amyloid, Cytoskeletal Damage and Apolipoproteins.- Isoform-Specific Metabolism of Apolipoprotein E: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease.- Apolipoprotein E4 and Cholinergic Activity in Alzheimer's Disease.- A New Focus on Cytoskeletal Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease.- Novel Cathepsin D Inhibitors Prevent the ?-Secretase-Derived Intracellular Formation of a 12 kDA Potentially Amyloidogenic Product in Human Cells.- Cellular and Test Tube Models of Amyloid-? Formation.- Effects of ?-Amyloid (1-40) Peptide Injection in the Nucleus Basalis.- ?Amyloid Precursor Protein - Role in Cognitive Brain Function?.- Peptides Inhibitor of Amyloidogenesis in Alzheimer's Disease.- Cell Death: Excitotoxins, Apoptosis And Hypometabolism.- Apoptosis and Alzheimer's Disease: A Self-Assembly and the Initiation of Apoptosis by Plasma Membrane Receptor Cross-Linking.- NMDA Receptor Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.- Role of Neuron-Glia Interactions in Brain Energy Metabolism: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders.- Neurotrophins, Growth Factors and Neuroprotectors.- Neurotrophins, Growth Factors and Mimetic Agents as Neuroprotectors in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Cortical Synaptogenesis and Behavioural Consequences in CNS Lesioned Animals Receiving Neurotrophic Factor Therapy.- Animal Models.- APP Knockout and APP Over-Expression in Transgenic Mice.- Alpha2c-Adrenoceptor Overexpressing Mice as a Model to Study Cognitive Functions of Alpha2-Adrenoceptors.- ?-APP-751 Transgenic Mice: Deficits In Learning And Memory.- II. The Cholinergic System in Brain.- Treatment of Alzheimer Disease.- Central and Peripheral Consequences of Cholinergic Imbalance in Alzheimer's Disease.- The Anatomy of Monoaminergic-Cholinergic Interactions in the Primate Basal Forebrain.- Pharmacological Induction of Cholinergic Hypofunction as a Tool for Evaluating Cholinergic Therapies.- Rational Design of New Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.- Advances in Understanding Cholinergic Brain Neurons: Implications in the Use of Citicoline (CDP Choline) to Treat Stroke.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer Disease Treatment.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors Do More than Inhibit Cholinesterase.- Long-Term Tacrine Treatment: Effect on Nursing Home Placement and Mortality.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors: An Overview of Their Mechanisms of Action.- Preclinical Pharmacology of Metrifonate: A Promise for Alzheimer Therapy.- Eptastigmine: A Cholinergic Approach to the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Phenserine: A Selective, Long-Acting and Brain-Directed Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Affecting Cognition and ?-APP Processing.- An Overview of the Development of SDZ ENA 713: A Brain Selective Cholinesterase Inhibitor.- Preclinical and Clinical Progress with Huperzine A: A Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor.- P11467: An Orally-Active Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor and ?2-Adrenoceptor Antagonist for Alzheimer's Disease.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors as Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease: Benefit to Risk Considerations in Clinical Application.- III. Nicotinic and Muscarinic Cholinergic Agonists.- Nicotinic Agonists.- Molecular Histochemistry of Nicotinic Receptors in Human Brain.- The Nicotinic Cholinergic System and ?-Amyloidosis.- RJR-2403: A CNS-Selective Nicotinic Agonist with Therapeutic Potential.- ABT-089: An Orally Effective Cholinergic Channel Modulator (ChCM) with Cognitive Enhancement and Neuroprotective Action.- Muscarinic Agonists and Antagonists.- Biochemistry, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of CI-1002: A Combined Anticholinesterase and Muscarinic Antagonist.- Muscarinic Partial Agonists in the Symptomatic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Safety and Clinical Efficacy of S12024 in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.- Pharmacological Characterization of PD151832: An Ml Muscarinic Receptor Agonist.- The Potential of Antioxidant Therapy.- Novel Ml Agonists: From Symptomatic Treatment Towards Delaying the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.- Free Radical Scavengers Block the Actions of Amyloid on Neurons in Tissue Culture.- Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease.- New Synthetic Bioantioxidants: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE).- Rationale to Treat Alzheimer's Disease with Selegiline - Can We Prevent the Progression of the Disease?.- The Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.- Inflammatory Processes: Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.- Propentofylline: Preclinical Data.- Propentofylline (HWA 285): A Subgroup Analysis of Phase III Clinical Studies in Alzheimer's Disease And Vascular Dementia.- Anapsos: New Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegeneration and Brain Aging with Neuroimmunotrophic Factors.- IV. Development of New Therapies in Alzheimer Disease.- Design of Clinical Trials.- Clinical Trials to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease in a Population At-Risk.- Effects on Decline or Deterioration.- The Bridging Study: Optimizing the Dose for PhaseII/III.- Assessment of Therapeutic Strategies for Slowing Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.- Potential for Progress in the Therapeutics of Alzheimer's Disease: Unanswered Questions.- Advances in Assessment.- The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale: Modifications That Can Enhance its Use in Future Clinical Trials.- An Item Pool to Assess Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer's Disease.- Severe Impairment Battery: A Potential Measure for Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials.- Validity and Reliability of the Alzheimer's Disease.- Cortical Synaptogenesis and Behavioural Consequences in CNS Lesioned Animals Receiving Neurotrophic Factor Therapy.- Animal Models.- APP Knockout and APP Over-Expression in Transgenic Mice.- Alpha2c-Adrenoceptor Overexpressing Mice as a Model to Study Cognitive Functions of Alpha2-Adrenoceptors.- ?-APP-751 Transgenic Mice: Deficits In Learning And Memory.- II. The Cholinergic System in Brain.- Treatment of Alzheimer Disease.- Central and Peripheral Consequences of Cholinergic Imbalance in Alzheimer's Disease.- The Anatomy of Monoaminergic-Cholinergic Interactions in the Primate Basal Forebrain.- Pharmacological Induction of Cholinergic Hypofunction as a Tool for Evaluating Cholinergic Therapies.- Rational Design of New Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors.- Advances in Understanding Cholinergic Brain Neurons: Implications in the Use of Citicoline (CDP Choline) to Treat Stroke.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors in Alzheimer Disease Treatment.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors Do More than Inhibit Cholinesterase.- Long-Term Tacrine Treatment: Effect on Nursing Home Placement and Mortality.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors: An Overview of Their Mechanisms of Action.- Preclinical Pharmacology of Metrifonate: A Promise for Alzheimer Therapy.- Eptastigmine: A Cholinergic Approach to the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Phenserine: A Selective, Long-Acting and Brain-Directed Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Affecting Cognition and ?-APP Processing.- An Overview of the Development of SDZ ENA 713: A Brain Selective Cholinesterase Inhibitor.- Preclinical and Clinical Progress with Huperzine A: A Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor.- P11467: An Orally-Active Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor and ?2-Adrenoceptor Antagonist for Alzheimer's Disease.- Cholinesterase Inhibitors as Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease: Benefit to Risk Considerations in Clinical Application.- III. Nicotinic and Muscarinic Cholinergic Agonists.- Nicotinic Agonists.- Molecular Histochemistry of Nicotinic Receptors in Human Brain.- The Nicotinic Cholinergic System and ?-Amyloidosis.- RJR-2403: A CNS-Selective Nicotinic Agonist with Therapeutic Potential.- ABT-089: An Orally Effective Cholinergic Channel Modulator (ChCM) with Cognitive Enhancement and Neuroprotective Action.- Muscarinic Agonists and Antagonists.- Biochemistry, Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of CI-1002: A Combined Anticholinesterase and Muscarinic Antagonist.- Muscarinic Partial Agonists in the Symptomatic Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.- Safety and Clinical Efficacy of S12024 in Patients with Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease.- Pharmacological Characterization of PD151832: An Ml Muscarinic Receptor Agonist.- The Potential of Antioxidant Therapy.- Novel Ml Agonists: From Symptomatic Treatment Towards Delaying the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.- Free Radical Scavengers Block the Actions of Amyloid on Neurons in Tissue Culture.- Therapeutic Strategies in Alzheimer's Disease.- New Synthetic Bioantioxidants: Acetylcholinesterase (AChE).- Rationale to Treat Alzheimer's Disease with Selegiline - Can We Prevent the Progression of the Disease?.- The Potential for Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.- Inflammatory Processes: Anti-Inflammatory Therapy.- Propentofylline: Preclinical Data.- Propentofylline (HWA 285): A Subgroup Analysis of Phase III Clinical Studies in Alzheimer's Disease And Vascular Dementia.- Anapsos: New Therapeutic Strategies for Neurodegeneration and Brain Aging with Neuroimmunotrophic Factors.- IV. Development of New Therapies in Alzheimer Disease.- Design of Clinical Trials.- Clinical Trials to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease in a Population At-Risk.- Effects on Decline or Deterioration.- The Bridging Study: Optimizing the Dose for PhaseII/III.- Assessment of Therapeutic Strategies for Slowing Progression of Alzheimer's Disease.- Potential for Progress in the Therapeutics of Alzheimer's Disease: Unanswered Questions.- Advances in Assessment.- The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale: Modifications That Can Enhance its Use in Future Clinical Trials.- An Item Pool to Assess Activities of Daily Living in Alzheimer's Disease.- Severe Impairment Battery: A Potential Measure for Alzheimer's Disease Clinical Trials.- Validity and Reliability of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Clinical Global Impression Of Change (ADCS-CGIC).- Advantages of the "Time-Index" Method for Measurement of Alzheimer Dementia: Assessment of Metrifonate Benefit.- SPECT and PET.- PET-Studies Using 11C-TZTP Derivatives for the Visualization of Muscarinic Receptors in the Human Brain.- PET Imaging of Nicotinic Receptors in Alzheimer's Disease: Implication with Diagnosis and Drug Treatment.- Cerebral SPECT Imaging: Advances in Radio-Pharmaceuticals and Quantitative Analysis.- In Vivo Imaging of Anticholinesterase Drugs Used in Alzheimer's Disease.- SPECT Scan And Efficacy of Therapy in Alzheimer's Disease.- Potential Markers of Disease Progression and Drug Efficacy in Alzheimer's Disease.- MRI and Cognitive Markers of Progression and Risk of Alzheimer Disease.- Brain Mapping and Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in Alzheimer Disease Drug Monitoring.- APOE Genotype and MRI Volumetry: Implication for Therapy.- Treatment of Behavioral and Psychosocial Disturbances.- Group Psychotherapy.- Non Cognitive Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease.- Depression And Alzheimer's Disease.- Psychomotor Therapy and Alzheimer's Disease.- Behavioral Techniques for Treatment of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease.- Treatment of Psychosocial Disturbances.- Serotoninergic Symptomatology in Dementia.- V. Social Issue in Alzheimer Disease.- Legal and Ethical Issues.- Informed Consent and Alzheimer Disease Research: Institutional Review Board Policies And Practices.- Legal Issues in Alzheimer Disease Research in France.- Ethical Problems in Therapeutic Research in Alzheimer's Disease Patients.- Making Consent Work in Alzheimer Disease Research.- Socio-Economic As pects of Alzheimer Disease Treatment.- Industry Perspectives on the Marketing of Anti-Alzheimer Disease Therapy.- CODEM: A Longitudinal Study on Alzheimer Disease Costs.- Health Economic Aspects of Alzheimer's Disease and the Implications for Drug Development and Pricing.- International Harmonization of Drug Guidelines.- International Working Group for the Harmonization of Dementia Drug Guidelines: A Progress Report.- Developing Safe and Effective Antidementia Drugs.- A Japanese Perspective on the Work of the International Group on Harmonization of Drug Guidelines.- Research Priorities in Alzheimer Disease Treatment - An International Perspective.- The Ronald and Nancy Reagan Research Institute of The Alzheimer's Association.- Author Index.