Written for policy-makers, managers and programme staff in development and humanitarian organizations, this book seeks to promote debate about the changes that need to be made to their programmes if they are to work effectively in a world which has been changed for ever by the pandemic of AIDS. This book unravels the complex and mutally reinforcing interaction between HIV/AIDS and poverty, and argues the case for adapting mainstream development and humanitarian work to develop a holistic response to the impact of AIDS on poor and marginalized communities. It also addresses the need to modify human-resource policies to protect employees and the on-going work of any organization operating in AIDS-prone context. In addition the book offers practical examples of what "mainstreaming" means, both for internal organizations and for external programming. The problems inherent in the approach are dealt with frankly and constructively and the lessons learnt from some recent innovative work are summarized in the concluding chapter.