Conservation genetics falls under the umbrella of population genetics. It helps in understanding causes of extinction and methods to avoid extinction, in order to restore biodiversity. Genetic variability is an important concept of this field as it influences the health and long- term survival of species. Conservation genetics focuses on assessing the genome of species and evaluating the probable causes of extinction. Some of the techniques used in this field are mini satellite, microsatellite, alloenzyme, etc. Most of the topics introduced in this book cover new techniques and the applications of conservation genetics. It includes contribution of experts and scientists which will provide innovative insights into this field.