George W. E. Nickelsburgis Emeritus Professor of Religion at the University of Iowa, where he taught for more than three decades. He is the author of seventy articles and several hundred dictionary and encyclopedia entries. Among his many works are Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpreters (co-editor; 1986), Jewish Literature between the Bible and the Mishnah, 2nd ed. (Fortress Press, 2005), and Early Judaism: Texts and Documents on Faith and Piety, Revised Edition (co-editor; Fortress Press, 2009). James C. VanderKam is John A. O'Brien Professor of Hebrew Scriptures at the University of Notre Dame. He has edited thirteen volumes in the series Discoveries in the Judaean Desert and is a member of the editorial committee for the remaining unpublished Dead Sea scrolls. He is one of the two editors in chief of the Encyclopedia of the Dead Sea Scrolls (2000) and author of the prize-winning The Dead Sea Scrolls Today (1994), From Revelation to Canon: Studies in the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple Literature (2000), An Introduction to Early Judaism (2001), The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls (2002), and From Joshua to Caiaphas: High Priests after the Exile (Fortress, 2004). Prof. VanderKam is the former editor of the Journal of Biblical Literature.