Excerpt from The Photographic History of the Civil War, Vol. 5 of 10: Forts and Artillery; Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, With Text by Many Special Authorities Proper defense against cannon was even less understood until the Civil War. If Louis xiv's military engineer Vauban had come to life during any battle or siege that followed his death up to 1861, he could easily have directed the operations of the most advanced army engineers - whose fortifications, indeed, he would have found constructed on conventional lines according to his own text-books. Thus the gunner in Blue or Gray, and his comrade the engineer, were forced not only to fight and dig but to evolve new theories and practices. NO single work existed to inform the editors of this History systematically concerning that fight ing and digging. NO single work described Federals and Con federates alike, and readably told the story of the great events with the guns and behind the ramparts from '61 to '65. That gap it is hoped this volume will fill. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.