As part of engaging a wider community of policy users and indicator developers, Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators in a Changing World: Responding to Policy Needs is a selection of the papers discussed at the OECD Blue Sky II Forum (Ottawa, 25-27 September 2006). Policy needs, measurement issues, and some of the challenges in describing cross-cutting and emerging topics in science, technology and innovation (STI) are presented; ideas to exploit existing data and develop new frameworks of measurement are shared. The intent of the debate is to guide future development of STI indicators at the OECD and beyond. As the world interconnects, science, technology and innovation policies cannot be seen as standing alone. There is a growing interest from central banks and Ministries of Finance in improving the understanding of how science, technology and innovation create value in the form of increased productivity and profits, and contribute to the valuation of enterprises, and ultimately stimulate the growth and competitiveness of economies. Making the findings of the Blue Sky Forum as widely accessible as possible extends the public policy discourse and emphasises the importance of STI indicators in that debate. This volume is intended to circulate widely within and beyond OECD member countries to raise awareness and to stimulate dialogue. It also provides a baseline against which progress can be measured.