Published every two years, the STI Scoreboard analyses the major trends in knowledge and innovation in today's global economy. Through statistical indicators it presents a policy-oriented review of science, technology, innovation and industrial performance in OECD and major non-OECD countries. Six thematic chapters focus on areas of key policy interest: (i) Building knowledge: looks at the knowledge assets that many firms and governments view as their current and future sources of long-term sustainable growth; (ii) Connecting to knowledge: helps inform the policy debate with a set of metrics on the variety and nature of mechanisms for knowledge exchange; (iii) Targeting new growth areas: examines the direction of countries' scientific efforts and the technologies on which they build their comparative advantage; (iv) Unleashing innovation in firms: is concerned with the dynamism of the business sector and shows the strong contribution of young firms to job creation using new microdata-based indicators; (v) Competing in the knowledge economy: looks at how countries seek to build their competitive strengths and uses a wide range of more sophisticated indicators than those that are generally available; (vi) Participating in the global economy: draws out the implications of structural characteristics for economies' participation in global value chains. Indicators related to firms' size, survival and growth and to foreign affiliates accompany employment patterns in key industries and linkages between manufacturing and services.