Excerpt from Controlling the Flow of Illegal Immigration at U. S. Land Borders: Hearing Before the Information, Justice, Transportation and Agriculture Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, First Session; December 10, 1993 Customs and ins have a long history of interagency rivalry coupled with ineffective cooperation and coordination pertaining to border crossing operations. These problems still exist today, and are deeply ingrained in the management cultures of these agencies. Cooperation agreements that top Customs and ins officials signed during the 1977-79 time period generally have not been adhered to or updated. On the basis of historical evidence as well as its recent review of Customs' and ins' operations, gao believes that the coordination problems at the land border crossings will not be resolved until the current dual management structure is ended. Gao convened a panel of current and former public officials familiar and experienced with customs and immigration activities to explore whether the problems were worth fixing and, if so, what solution would be best. The panel members did not believe the current dual management structure between ins and Customs was adequate to handle the customs and immigrations service demands that will likely confront the government in the next 10 to 30 years. The panelists discussed various organizational options and reached consensus for establishing an independent immigration and customs agency. The creation of such an agency was seen as affording an opportunity to develop a more strategic and integrated vision within the government for addressing the problems of facilitating the entry and assimilation of people, services, and goods into the country in compliance with applicable immigration and customs laws. Gao recommended that the Director of omb, working with the Secretary of the Treasury and the Attorney General, develop and present to Congress a proposal for ending the dual management of border inspections. Gao noted that efforts are underway within the Executive Branch to consider this issue.. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.