"Leonardo da Vinci" by Sigmund Freud is a psychological study of the renowned Renaissance artist and polymath, Leonardo da Vinci. Published in 1910, the book represents Freud's attempt to apply his psychoanalytic theories to understand the personality, motivations, and creative genius of Leonardo. Freud begins by acknowledging the limitations of biographical information available about Leonardo, stating that his analysis will necessarily involve speculation and interpretation. He then proceeds to explore various aspects of Leonardo's life and work through the lens of psychoanalysis. One of Freud's central arguments in the book is that Leonardo's artistic creativity and scientific curiosity were driven by unconscious psychological forces, particularly his complex relationship with his mother. Freud suggests that Leonardo's intense emotional attachment to his mother, combined with feelings of guilt and ambivalence towards his father, influenced his artistic expression and scientific pursuits. Freud also analyzes Leonardo's paintings, drawings, and notebooks, interpreting them as manifestations of his unconscious desires and conflicts. He explores themes of sexuality, repression, and fantasy in Leonardo's work, suggesting that his art served as a means of sublimating and expressing unconscious impulses. Throughout the book, Freud emphasizes the importance of understanding Leonardo's inner world in order to fully appreciate his contributions to art and science. He argues that psychoanalysis provides a valuable framework for interpreting the psychological dimensions of creativity and genius. "Leonardo da Vinci" is regarded as one of Freud's most speculative and controversial works, drawing criticism from art historians and scholars for its psychoanalytic interpretations of Leonardo's life and work. However, the book remains influential in the field of psychoanalysis and continues to provoke discussion about the relationship between psychology and creativity. Overall, Freud's "Leonardo da Vinci" offers a thought-provoking exploration of the psychological complexities of one of history's most iconic figures, shedding light on the inner workings of a brilliant mind through the lens of psychoanalytic theory.