Ascension and Sacrifice

Many modern interpreters assume that Levitical sacrifice involves slaughtering animals on altars, focuses on what offerers give up, and involves abstract notions of moral satisfaction. These ideas do not align with the cultural knowledge of Second Temple Jews who would know that no animals are killed on any altars in Levitical sacrifice. Moreover, for them the conceptual center of sacrifice rested on giving a gift to God, not on what an offerer gives up. The gift moves from an offerer, to a priest, to an altar, and so into God’s presence as part of the real dynamics of covenantal relationship. When these and other points are grasped, the early Christian confession of the return of the risen Son to his heavenly Father can be meaningfully understood in terms of the Son’s offering of himself as a sacrifice to his Father. This book looks in detail at the ways that Second Temple Jews could have imagined Levitical sacrifice in order to then consider how Jesus’s earliest followers could have imagined Jesus as a sacrifice offered to God.

Author Biography

David M. Moffitt is professor of New Testament and Early Christianity at the University of St. Andrews. He is the author of Atonement and the Logic of Resurrection in the Epistle to the Hebrews (2011), which was the recipient of a Manfred Lautenschläger Award for Theological Promise in 2013. He is coeditor of Son, Sacrifice, and Great Shepherd: Studies on the Epistle to the Hebrews (2020) and A Scribe Trained for the Kingdom of Heaven: Essays on Christology and Ethics in Honor of Richard B. Hays (2021). He has also published numerous scholarly articles and essays.