Elizabeth Robins (1862-1952) was an American actress, playwright, novelist, and suffragist. In 1885, she married actor George Richmond Parks. Although her husband struggled to get parts, her own acting career gained momentum and she was soon in great demand. Approaching the age of 40, Robins realized her income from acting was not stable enough to carry her through her later years. An able writer, she turned to the pen, publishing a number of well-received novels under the pseudonym C. E. Raimond. She became a member of the National Union of Women's Suffrage Societies and Women's Social and Political Union. She remained a strong advocate of women's rights and used her gifts as a public speaker and writer on behalf of the cause. Her works include: Below the Salt (1896), The Open Question: A Tale of Two Temperaments (1898), Votes for Women: A Play in Three Acts (1906), The Convert (1907), Under the Southern Cross (1907), The Mills of the Gods (1908), Way Stations (1913), My Little Sister (1913), Camilla (1918), The Messenger (1919) and Theatre and Friendship (1932).