The book provides a critical contribution, looking at the development of social ad health services. Though discussing also contemporary issues, the focus is a more fundamental critique, dismantling the ideological questions that are behind these developments, standing in the context of the critique of capitalism and modernisation. In addition, one contribution looks in particular at the development of human resources in the UK and in another contribution an analysis of empirical data is provided - it looks at the perspective from EU-NGOs active in the sector of social service provision. The book concludes with a contribution compiled by an informal network of various EU-NGOs, looking in an exemplary way at difficulties faced by the recent developments of marketisation and liberalisation.