The influence of Patricia and Paul Churchland's work on contemporary philosophy and cognitive science has been profound. The Churchlands have challenged nearly all prevailing doctrines concerning knowledge, mind, science, and language.Their pursuits are patently interdisciplinary, reflecting command not only of philosophy but of relevant areas within psychology, artificial intelligence, evolutionary biology, and, especially, the neurosciences. The Churchlands carefully probe technical scientific research, regularly revealing its philosophically intriguing implications and deftly integrating those results into their overall positions. Among recent philosophical discussions in epistemology and the philosophy of mind none is more comprehensive, more responsible empirically, or more imaginative. For both friends and foes the Churchlands' forays have proven as provocative a stimulus to investigation in these fields as is available.The Churchlands and Their Critics contains nine newly commissioned essays by distinguished scholars from philosophy, psychology, and the neurosciences along with the Churchlands' replies.