Gen Shirane received his doctorate in physics from the University of Tokyo in 1954. He has used neutron scattering extensively in studies of magnetism, ferroelectricity, lattice dynamics, and phase transitions. Stephen Shapiro obtained his PhD in physics from Johns Hopkins University in 1969. He is particularly interested in applying neutron and x-ray scattering techniques to study structural and magnetic phase transitions in condensed matter systems. John Tranquada received his PhD in physics from the University of Washington (Seattle) in 1983. His work focuses on experimental studies of correlated electron systems, especially high-temperature superconductors and transition-metal oxides using neutron scattering and other techniques.