Dr Alain Vuylsteke BSc, MA, MD, FRCA, FICM is a Consultant in Intensive Care and Clinical Director at Papworth Hospital, Cambridgeshire. Daniel Brodie, MD is Associate Professor of Medicine at Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork-Presbyterian Medical Centre, New York. Alain Combes, MD PhD is Professor of Intensive Care Medicine at the University of Paris, Pierre et Marie Curie, and Senior Intensivist at the Service de Réanimation Médicale Institut de Cardiologie, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris. Jo-anne Fowles is Senior Nurse in Critical Care at Papworth Hospital, Cambridgeshire. Giles Peek, MD FRCS CTh FFICM is Chief of the Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, co-Director of the Pediatric Heart Center, and ECMO Director of the Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery at Green Medical Arts Pavilion, New York.