Kennedy/Gioia's An Introduction to Poetry, 12e continues to inspire students with a rich collection of poems and engaging insights on reading, analyzing, and writing about poetry. This bestselling anthology includes more than 500 of the discipline's greatest poems, blending classic works and contemporary selections. Both noted poets themselves, the text's editors X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia write of their subject with wit and a contagious enthusiasm. Informative, accessible apparatus presents readable discussions of the literary devices, illustrated by apt works, and supported by interludes with the poets. This edition features more than 50 new poems, a new masterwork casebook on T. S. Eliot's "The Love Songs of J. Alfred Prufrock," extensively revised and expanded chapters on writing, and a fresh new design.

Table of Contents

* indicate sections that are new to this edition. 1. READING A POEM William Butler Yeats, The Lake Isle of Innisfree Lyric Poetry D. H. Lawrence, Piano Adrienne Rich, Aunt Jennifer's Tigers Narrative Poetry Anonymous, Sir Patrick Spence Robert Frost, "Out, Out--" Dramatic Poetry Robert Browning, My Last Duchess Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Adrienne Rich, Recalling "Aunt Jennifer's Tigers" Writing a Paraphrase Can a Poem be Paraphrased? William Stafford, Ask Me William Stafford, A Paraphrase of "Ask Me" Checklist: Paraphrasing a Poem Writing Assignment on Paraphrasing More Topics for Writing 2. LISTENING TO A VOICE Tone Theodore Roethke, My Papa's Waltz Countee Cullen, For a Lady I Know Anne Bradstreet, The Author to Her Book Walt Whitman, To a Locomotive in Winter Emily Dickinson, I like to see it lap the Miles Benjamin Alire Saenz, To the Desert Weldon Kees, For My Daughter The Person in the Poem Natasha Trethewey, White Lies Edwin Arlington Robinson, Luke Havergal Ted Hughes, Hawk Roosting * Suji Kwock Kim, Monologue for an Onion William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud Dorothy Wordsworth, Journal Entry James Stephens, A Glass of Beer Anne Sexton, Her Kind William Carlos Williams, The Red Wheelbarrow Irony Robert Creeley, Oh No W. H. Auden, The Unknown Citizen Sharon Olds, Rites of Passage John Betjeman, In Westminster Abbey Sarah N. Cleghorn, The Golf Links * Edna St. Vincent Millay, Second Fig * Joseph Stroud, Missing Thomas Hardy, The Workbox For Review and Further Study William Blake, The Chimney Sweeper * David Lehman, Rejection Slip William Stafford, At the Un-National Monument Along the Canadian Border H. L. Hix, I Love the World, As Does Any Dancer Richard Lovelace, To Lucasta Wilfred Owen, Dulce et Decorum Est Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Wilfred Owen, War Poetry Writing About Voice Listening to Tone Checklist: Analyzing Tone Writing Assignment on Tone Student Essay, Word Choice, Tone, and Point of View in Roethke's "My Papa's Waltz" More Topics for Writing 3. WORDS Literal Meaning: What a Poem Says First William Carlos Williams, This Is Just to Say Marianne Moore, Silence Robert Graves, Down, Wanton, Down! John Donne, Batter my heart, three-personed God, for You The Value of a Dictionary Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Aftermath John Clare, Mouse's Nest J. V. Cunningham, Friend, on this scaffold Thomas More lies dead Kelly Cherry, Advice to a Friend Who Paints Carl Sandburg, Grass Word Choice and Word Order Robert Herrick, Upon Julia's Clothes Kay Ryan, Blandeur Thomas Hardy, The Ruined Maid Richard Eberhart, The Fury of Aerial Bombardment Wendy Cope, Lonely Hearts For Review and Further Study E. E. Cummings, anyone lived in a pretty how town Billy Collins, The Names Anonymous, Carnation Milk * Kenneth Rexroth, Vitamins and Roughage * Gina Valdes, English con Salsa Lewis Carroll, Jabberwocky Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Lewis Carroll, Humpty Dumpty Explicates "Jabberwocky" Writing About Diction Every Word Counts Checklist: Thinking About Word Choice Writing Assignment on Word Choice More Topics for Writing 4. SAYING AND SUGGESTING John Masefield, Cargoes William Blake, London Wallace Stevens, Disillusionment of Ten O'Clock * Gwendolyn Brooks, Southeast Corner Timothy Steele, Epitaph * E. E. Cummings, next to of course to god america i Robert Frost, Fire and Ice Clare Rossini, Final Love Note * Jennifer Reeser, Winter-proof Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Tears, Idle Tears Richard Wilbur, Love Calls Us to the Things of This World Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Richard Wilbur, Concerning "Love Calls Us to the Things of This World" Writing About Denotation and Connotation The Ways a Poem Suggests Checklist: Analyzing What a Poem Says and Suggests Writing Assignment on Denotation and Connotation More Topics for Writing 5. IMAGERY Ezra Pound, In a Station of the Metro Taniguchi Buson, The piercing chill I feel T. S. Eliot, The winter evening settles down Theodore Roethke, Root Cellar Elizabeth Bishop, The Fish Anne Stevenson, The Victory Charles Simic, Fork Emily Dickinson, A Route of Evanescence Jean Toomer, Reapers Gerard Manley Hopkins, Pied Beauty About Haiku Arakida Moritake, The falling flower Matsuo Basho, Heat-lightning streak Matsuo Basho, In the old stone pool Taniguchi Buson, On the one-ton temple bell Taniguchi Buson, I go Kobayashi Issa, only one guy Kobayashi Issa, Cricket Haiku from Japanese Internment Camps Suiko Matsushita, Rain shower from mountain Neiji Ozawa, War forced us from California Hakuro Wada, Even the croaking of frogs Contemporary American Haiku Etheridge Knight, Lee Gurga, Penny Harter, John Ridland, * Garry Gay, Adelle Foley, Jennifer Brutschy, Connie Bensley, A Selection of Haiku For Review and Further Study John Keats, Bright star! would I were steadfast as thou art T. C. Hulme, The Image Walt Whitman, The Runner * William Carlos Williams, El Hombre Chana Bloch, Tired Sex Robert Bly, Driving to Town Late to Mail a Letter * Rita Dove, Silos Louise Gluck, Mock Orange Billy Collins, Embrace John Haines, Winter News Stevie Smith, Not Waving but Drowning Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Ezra Pound, The Image Writing About Imagery Analyzing Images Checklist: Thinking About Imagery Writing Assignment on Imagery Student Essay, Elizabeth Bishop's Use of Imagery in "The Fish" More Topics for Writing 6. FIGURES OF SPEECH Why Speak Figuratively? Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The Eagle William Shakespeare, Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Howard Moss, Shall I Compare Thee to a Summer's Day? Metaphor and Simile Emily Dickinson, My Life had stood -- a Loaded Gun Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Flower in the Crannied Wall William Blake, To see a world in a grain of sand Sylvia Plath, Metaphors N. Scott Momaday, Simile Emily Dickinson, It dropped so low -- in my Regard Craig Raine, A Martian Sends a Postcard Home Other Figures James Stephens, The Wind Margaret Atwood, You fit into me John Ashbery, The Cathedral Is George Herbert, The Pulley * Dana Gioia, Money * Charles Simic, My Shoes For Review and Further Study Robert Frost, The Silken Tent * April Lindner, Low Tide Jane Kenyon, The Suitor Robert Frost, The Secret Sits A. R. Ammons, Coward Kay Ryan, Turtle * Heather McHugh, Language Lesson, 1976 Robinson Jeffers, Hands Robert Burns, Oh, my love is like a red, red rose Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Robert Frost, The Importance of Poetic Metaphor Writing About Metaphors How Metaphors Enlarge a Poem's Meaning Checklist: Analyzing Metaphor Writing Assignment on Figures of Speech More Topics for Writing 7. SONG Singing and Saying Ben Jonson, To Celia Anonymous, The Cruel Mother * William Shakespeare, O Mistress Mine Edwin Arlington Robinson, Richard Cory Paul Simon, Richard Cory Ballads Anonymous, Bonny Barbara Allan Dudley Randall, Ballad of Birmingham Blues Bessie Smith with Clarence Williams, Jailhouse Blues W. H. Auden, Funeral Blues Rap Run D.M.C., from Peter Piper For Review and Further Study John Lennon and Paul McCartney, Eleanor Rigby Bob Dylan, The Times They Are a-Changin' * Aimee Mann, Deathly Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Paul McCartney, Creating "Eleanor Rigby" Writing About Song Lyrics Poetry's Close Kinship with Song Checklist: Looking at Lyrics as Poetry Writing Assignment on Song Lyrics More Topics for Writing 8. SOUND Sound as Meaning Alexander Pope, True Ease in Writing comes from Art, not Chance William Butler Yeats, Who Goes with Fergus? John Updike, Recital William Wordsworth, A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal Emanuel di Pasquale, Rain Aphra Behn, When Maidens Are Young Alliteration and Assonance A. E. Housman, Eight O'Clock * James Joyce, All Day I Hear Alfred, Lord Tennyson, The splendor falls on castle walls Rime William Cole, On my boat on Lake Cayuga James Reeves, Rough Weather Hilaire Belloc, The Hippopotamus * Ogden Nash, The Panther William Butler Yeats, Leda and the Swan Gerard Manley Hopkins, God's Grandeur Fred Chappell, Narcissus and Echo Robert Frost, Desert Places Readingand Hearing Poems Aloud Michael Stillman, In Memoriam John Coltrane William Shakespeare, Full fathom five thy father lies Chryss Yost, Lai with Sounds of Skin T. S. Eliot, Virginia Writing Effectively Writers on Writing T. S. Eliot, The Music of Poetry Writing About Sound Listen to the Music Checklist: Writing About a Poem's Sound Writing Assignment on Sound More Topics for Writing 9. RHYTHM Stresses and Pauses Gwendolyn Brooks, We Real Cool Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Break, Break, Break Ben Jonson, Slow, slow, fresh fount, keep time with my salt tears Sir Thomas Wyatt, With serving still Dorothy Parker, Resume Meter Max Beerbohm, On the imprint of the first English edition of The Works of Max Beerbohm Thomas Campion, Rose-cheeked Laura, come Edna St. Vincent Millay, Counting-out Rhyme * Jacqueline Osherow, Song for the Music in the Warsaw Ghetto A. E. Housman, When I was one-and-twenty * William Carlos Williams, Smell! Walt Whitman, Beat! Beat! Drums! David Mason, Song of the Powers Langston Hughes, Dream Boogie Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Gwendolyn Brooks, Hearing "We Real Cool" Writing About Rhythm Freeze-Framing the Sound Checklist: Scanning a Poem Writing Assignment on Rhythm More Topics for Writing 10. CLOSED FORM Formal Patterns John Keats, This living hand, now warm and capable Robert Graves, Counting the Beats John Donne, Song ("Go and catch a falling star") Phillis Levin, Brief Bio The Sonnet William Shakespeare, Let me not to the marriage of true minds Michael Drayton, Since there's no help, come let us kiss and part Edna St. Vincent Millay, What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why Robert Frost, Acquainted with the Night Kim Addonizio, First Poem for You * Mark Jarman, Unholy Sonnet: Hands Folded Timothy Steele, Summer A. E. Stallings, Sine Qua Non * R. S. Gwynn, Shakespearean Sonnet The Epigram Alexander Pope, Sir John Harrington, Robert Herrick, William Blake, E. E. Cummings, Langston Hughes, J. V. Cunningham, John Frederick Nims, Stevie Smith, Brad Leithauser, Dick Davis, Anonymous, Hilaire Belloc, Wendy Cope, A selection of epigrams W. H. Auden, Edmund Clerihew Bentley, Cornelius Ter Maat, Clerihews Other Forms Robert Pinsky, ABC Dylan Thomas, Do not go gentle into that good night Robert Bridges, Triolet Elizabeth Bishop, Sestina Writing Effectively Writers on Writing * A. E. Stallings, On Form and Artifice Writing About Form Turning Points Checklist: Thinking About a Sonnet Writing Assignment on a Sonnet More Topics for Writing 11. OPEN FORM Denise Levertov, Ancient Stairway E. E. Cummings, Buffalo Bill 's W. S. Merwin, For the Anniversary of My Death William Carlos Williams, The Dance Stephen Crane, The Heart Walt Whitman, Cavalry Crossing a Ford * Ezra Pound, Salutation Wallace Stevens, Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird Prose Poetry Carolyn Forche, The Colonel * Charles Simic, The Magic Study of Happiness Visual Poetry George Herbert, Easter Wings John Hollander, Swan and Shadow Terry Ehret, from Papyrus Dorthi Charles, Concrete Cat Found Poetry Ronald Gross, Yield Seeing the Logic of Open Form Verse E. E. Cummings, in Just- Carole Satyamurti, I Shall Paint My Nails Red * Alice Fulton, Failure Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Walt Whitman, The Poetry of the Future Writing About Free Verse Lining Up for Free Verse Checklist: Analyzing Line Breaks in Free Verse Writing Assignment on Open Form More Topics for Writing 12. SYMBOL T. S. Eliot, The Boston Evening Transcript Emily Dickinson, The Lightning is a yellow Fork Thomas Hardy, Neutral Tones Matthew 13:24-30, The Parable of the Good Seed George Herbert, The World * Edwin Markham, Outwitted * John Ciardi, A Box Comes Home Robert Frost, The Road Not Taken Christina Rossetti, Uphill * Christian Wiman, Postolka For Review and Further Study William Carlos Williams, The Term Ted Kooser, Carrie * Jane Hirshfield, Tree Jon Stallworthy, An Evening Walk Lorine Niedecker, Popcorn-can cover Wallace Stevens, Anecdote of the Jar Writing Effectively Writers on Writing William Butler Yeats, Poetic Symbols Writing About Symbols Reading a Symbol Checklist: Analyzing a Symbol Writing Assignment on Symbolism More Topics for Writing 13. MYTH Robert Frost, Nothing Gold Can Stay D. H. Lawrence, Bavarian Gentians William Wordsworth, The World Is Too Much with Us H. D., Helen Archetype Louise Bogan, Medusa * John Keats, La Belle Dame Sans Merci Personal Myth William Butler Yeats, The Second Coming * Gregory Orr, Two Lines from the Brothers Grimm Diane Thiel, Memento Mori in Middle School Myth and Popular Culture Charles Martin, Taken Up * Andrea Hollander Budy, Snow White Anne Sexton, Cinderella Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Anne Sexton, Transforming Fairy Tales Writing About Myth Demystifying Myth Checklist: Thinking About Myth Writing Assignment on Myth Student Essay, The Bonds Between Love and Hatred in H. D.'s "Helen" More Topics for Writing 14. POETRY AND PERSONAL IDENTITY Sylvia Plath, Lady Lazarus Rhina Espaillat, Bilingual / Bilingue Culture, Race, and Ethnicity Claude McKay, America Samuel Menashe, The Shrine Whose Shape I Am Francisco X. Alarcon, The X in My Name * Amy Uyematsu, Deliberate Judith Ortiz Cofer, Quinceanera Yusef Komunyakaa, Facing It Gender Anne Stevenson, Sous-Entendu Emily Grosholz, Listening Donald Justice, Men at Forty Adrienne Rich, Women For Review and Further Study Shirley Geok-lin Lim, Learning to love America Andrew Hudgins, Elegy for My Father, Who Is Not Dead Alastair Reid, Speaking a Foreign Language Philip Larkin, Aubade Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Rhina Espaillat, Being a Bilingual Writer Writing About the Poetry of Personal Identity Poetic Voice and Personal Identity Checklist: Writing About Voice and Personal Identity Writing Assignment on Personal Identity More Topics for Writing 15. TRANSLATION Is Poetic Translation Possible? World Poetry Li Po, Drinking Alone Beneath the Moon (Chinese text) Li Po, Moon-beneath Alone Drink (literal translation) Li Po, translated by Arthur Waley, Drinking Alone by Moonlight Comparing Translations Horace, "Carpe Diem" Ode (Latin text) Horace, "Carpe Diem" Ode (literal translation) Horace, translated by Edwin Arlington Robinson, Horace to Leuconoe Horace, translated by James Michie, Don't Ask Horace, translated by A. E. Stallings, A New Year's Toast Omar Khayyam, Rubai (Persian text) Omar Khayyam, Rubai (literal translation) Omar Khayyam, translated by Edward FitzGerald, A Book of Verses underneath the Bough Omar Khayyam, translated by Robert Graves and Omar Ali-Shah, Our Day's Portion Omar Khayyam, translated by Dick Davis, I Need a Bare Sufficiency Parody Anonymous, We four lads from Liverpool are Wendy Cope, From Strugnell's Rubaiyat Hugh Kingsmill, What, still alive at twenty-two? Bruce Bennett, The Lady Speaks Again Gene Fehler, If Richard Lovelace Became a Free Agent Aaron Abeyta, thirteen ways of looking at a tortilla Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Arthur Waley, The Method of Translation Writing a Parody Parody Is the Sincerest Form of Flattery Checklist: Writing a Parody Writing Assignment on Parody More Topics for Writing 16. Poetry in Spanish: Literature of Latin America Sor Juana Asegura la Confianza de que Ocultura de todo un Secreto Translated by Diane Thiel, She Promises to Hold a Secret in Confidence Presente en que el Carino Hace Regalo la Llaneza Translated by Diane Thiel, A Simple Gift Made Rich by Affection Pablo Neruda Muchos Somos Translated by Alastair Reid, We Are Many Cien Sonetos de Amor (V) Translated by Stephen Tapscott, One Hundred Love Sonnets (V) Jorge Luis Borges Amorosa Anticipacion Translated by Robert Fitzgerald, Anticipation of Love Los Engimas Translated by John Updike, The Enigmas Octavio Paz Con los Ojos Cerrados Translated by Eliot Weinberger, With Our Eyes Shut Certeza Translated by Charles Tomlinson, Certainty Surrealism in Latin American Poetry Frida Kahlo, Two Friedas Cesar Vallejo, La Colera que Quiebra al Hombre en Ninos Cesar Vallejo, translated by Thomas Merton, Anger Contemporary Mexican Poets Jose Emilio Pacheco, Alta Traicion Jose Emilio Pacheco, translated by Alastair Reid, High Treason * Francisco Hernandez, Bajo Cero * Francisco Hernandez, translated by Carolyn Forche, Below Zero * Tedi Lopez Mills, Convalecencia * Tedi Lopez Mills, Convalescence Writers on Writing Octavio Paz, In Search of the Present Writers on Translating Alastair Reid, Translating Neruda Writing Assignment on Spanish Poetry More Topics for Writing 17. RECOGNIZING EXCELLENCE Anonymous, O Moon, when I gaze on thy beautiful face Grace Treasone, Life Emily Dickinson, A Dying Tiger -- moaned for Drink Rod McKuen, Thoughts on Capital Punishment William Stafford, Traveling Through the Dark Wallace McRae, Reincarnation Recognizing Excellence William Butler Yeats, Sailing to Byzantium Arthur Guiterman, On the Vanity of Earthly Greatness Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ozymandias Robert Hayden, The Whipping Elizabeth Bishop, One Art W. H. Auden, September 1, 1939 Evaluating Famous Poems Walt Whitman, O Captain! My Captain! Emma Lazarus, The New Colossus * Paul Laurence Dunbar, We Wear the Mask Edgar Allan Poe, Annabel Lee Writing Effectively Writers on Writing Edgar Allan Poe, A Long Poem Does Not Exist Writing an Evaluation You Be the Judge Checklist: Evaluating a Poem Writing Assignment on Evaluating a Poem More Topics for Writing 18. WHAT IS POETRY? Archibald MacLeish, Ars Poetica Dante, Samuel Johnson, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, William Wordsworth, Thomas Carlyle, Thomas Hardy, Emily Dickinson, Gerard Manley Hopkins, Robert Frost, Wallace Stevens, Mina Loy, T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden, J. V. Cunningham, Elizabeth Bishop, Jorge Luis Borges, Octavio Paz, William Stafford, Gwendolyn Brooks, Robert Bly, Some Definitions of Poetry Ha Jin, Missed Time 19. TWO CRITICAL CASEBOOKS: EMILY DICKINSON AND LANGSTON HUGHES Emily Dickinson Success is counted sweetest * I taste a liquor never brewed Wild Nights -- Wild Nights! I Felt a Funeral, in my Brain I'm Nobody! Who are you? * I Dwell in Possibility The Soul selects her own Society Some keep the Sabbath going to Church After great pain, a formal feeling comes This is my letter to the World I heard a Fly buzz -- when I died I started Early -- Took my Dog Because I could not stop for Death The Bustle in a House Tell all the Truth but tell it slant Emily Dickinson on Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson, Recognizing Poetry Emily Dickinson, Self-Description Critics on Emily Dickinson Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Meeting Emily Dickinson Thomas H. Johnson, The Discovery of Emily Dickinson's Manuscripts Richard Wilbur, The Three Privations of Emily Dickinson Cynthia Griffin Wolff, Dickinson and Death (A Reading of "Because I could not stop for Death") Judith Farr, A Reading of "My Life had stood -- a Loaded Gun" Langston Hughes The Negro Speaks of Rivers Mother to Son Dream Variations I, Too The Weary Blues Song for a Dark Girl Prayer End * Ku Klux Ballad of the Landlord Theme for English B Subway Rush Hour Sliver * As Befits a Man Harlem [Dream Deferred] Langston Hughes on Langston Hughes Langston Hughes, The Negro Artist and the Racial Mountain Langston Hughes, The Harlem Renaissance Critics on Langston Hughes Arnold Rampersad, Hughes as an Experimentalist Rita Dove and Marilyn Nelson, Langston Hughes and Harlem Darryl Pinckney, Black Identity in Langston Hughes Peter Townsend, Langston Hughes and Jazz Onwuchekwa Jemie, A Reading of "Dream Deferred" For Further Reading Topics for Writing 20. CRITICAL CASEBOOK: T. S. ELIOT'S "THE LOVE SONG OF J. ALFRED PRUFROCK" T. S. Eliot T. S. Eliot, The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Publishing "Prufrock" * Ezra Pound, Letters to Harriet Monroe on "Prufrock" The Reviewers on Prufrock and Other Observations: 1917-1918 * Unsigned, Review from Times Literary Supplement * Unsigned, Review from Literary World * Unsigned, Review from New Statesman * Conrad Aiken, Divers Realists * Babette Deutsch, Another Impressionist * Marianne Moore, A Note on T. S. Eliot's Book * May Sinclair, Prufrock and Other Observations: A Criticism T. S. Eliot on Writing * T. S. Eliot, Poetry and Emotion * T. S. Eliot, The Objective Correlative * T. S. Eliot, The Difficulty of Poetry Critics on "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" * Christopher Ricks, What's in a Name? * Philip R. Headings, The Pronouns in the Poem: "One," "You," and "I" * Maud Ellmann, Will There Be Time? * Denis Donoghue, One of the Irrefutable Poets * Burton Raffel, "Indeterminacy" in Eliot's Poetry * John Berryman, Prufrock's Dilemma * M. L. Rosenthal, from "Adolescents Singing Topics for Writing 21. POEMS FOR FURTHER READING Anonymous, Lord Randall Anonymous, The Three Ravens Anonymous, The Twa Corbies Anonymous, Last Words of the Prophet (Navajo Mountain Chant) Matthew Arnold, Dover Beach John Ashbery, At North Farm * Margaret Atwood, Siren Song W. H. Auden, As I Walked Out One Evening W. H. Auden, Musee des Beaux Arts Elizabeth Bishop, Filling Station William Blake, The Tyger William Blake, The Sick Rose Eavan Boland, Anorexic Gwendolyn Brooks, The Mother Gwendolyn Brooks, the preacher: ruminates behind the sermon Elizabeth Barrett Browning, How Do I Love Thee? Let Me Count the Ways Robert Browning, Soliloquy of the Spanish Cloister Geoffrey Chaucer, Merciless Beauty G. K. Chesterton, The Donkey Lucille Clifton, Homage to my hips Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Kubla Khan Billy Collins, Care and Feeding Hart Crane, My Grandmother's Love Letters E. E. Cummings, somewhere i have never travelled,gladly beyond * Marisa de los Santos, Perfect Dress John Donne, Death be not proud John Donne, The Flea John Donne, A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning John Dryden, To the Memory of Mr. Oldham T. S. Eliot, Journey of the Magi Louise Erdrich, Indian Boarding School: The Runaways B. H. Fairchild, A Starlit Night Robert Frost, Birches Robert Frost, Mending Wall Robert Frost, Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Allen Ginsberg, A Supermarket in California Thom Gunn, The Man with Night Sweats Donald Hall, Names of Horses Thomas Hardy, The Convergence of the Twain Thomas Hardy, The Darkling Thrush Thomas Hardy, Hap Robert Hayden, Those Winter Sundays Seamus Heaney, Digging Anthony Hecht, Adam George Herbert, Love Robert Herrick, To the Virgins to Make Much of Time Gerard Manley Hopkins, Spring and Fall Gerard Manley Hopkins, No worst, there is none Gerard Manley Hopkins, The Windhover A. E. Housman, Loveliest of trees, the cherry now A. E. Housman, To an Athlete Dying Young Randall Jarrell, The Death of the Ball Turret Gunner Robinson Jeffers, To the Stone-cutters Ben Jonson, On My First Son * Donald Justice, On the Death of Friends in Childhood John Keats, Ode on a Grecian Urn John Keats, When I have fears that I may cease to be John Keats, To Autumn * Ted Kooser, Abandoned Farmhouse Philip Larkin, Home is so Sad Philip Larkin, Poetry of Departures Irving Layton, The Bull Calf * Denise Levertov, The Ache of Marriage Philip Levine, They Feed They Lion * Shirley Geok-lin Lim, Riding into California Robert Lowell, Skunk Hour Andrew Marvell, To His Coy Mistress Edna St. Vincent Millay, Recuerdo John Milton, How soon hath time John Milton, When I consider how my light is spent Marianne Moore, Poetry Frederick Morgan, The Master Marilyn Nelson, A Strange Beautiful Woman Howard Nemerov, The War in the Air * Lorine Niedecker, Poet's Work Yone Noguchi, A Selection of Hokku Sharon Olds, The One Girl at the Boys' Party Wilfred Owen, Anthem for Doomed Youth Linda Pastan, Ethics Robert Phillips, Running on Empty Sylvia Plath, Daddy Edgar Allan Poe, A Dream within a Dream Alexander Pope, A little Learning is a dang'rous Thing Ezra Pound, The River-Merchant's Wife: a Letter Dudley Randall, A Different Image John Crowe Ransom, Piazza Piece Henry Reed, Naming of Parts Adrienne Rich, Living in Sin Edwin Arlington Robinson, Miniver Cheevy Theodore Roethke, Elegy for Jane Mary Jo Salter, Welcome to Hiroshima William Shakespeare, When, in disgrace with Fortune and men's eyes William Shakespeare, Not marble nor the gilded monuments William Shakespeare, That time of year thou mayst in me behold William Shakespeare, My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun Louis Simpson, American Poetry David R. Slavitt, Titanic Christopher Smart, For I will consider my Cat Jeoffry William Jay Smith, American Primitive Cathy Song, Stamp Collecting William Stafford, The Farm on the Great Plains Wallace Stevens, The Emperor of Ice-Cream Jonathan Swift, A Description of the Morning * Larissa Szporluk, Vertigo Sara Teasdale, The Flight Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Dark house, by which once more I stand Alfred, Lord Tennyson, Ulysses Dylan Thomas, Fern Hill John Updike, Ex-Basketball Player Derek Walcott, The Virgins Edmund Waller, Go, Lovely Rose * Walt Whitman, Song of the Open Road Walt Whitman, I Hear America Singing Richard Wilbur, The Writer C. K. Williams, Elms William Carlos Williams, Spring and All William Carlos Williams, To Waken an Old Lady William Wordsworth, Composed upon Westminster Bridge James Wright, A Blessing James Wright, Autumn Begins in Martins Ferry, Ohio Mary Sidney Wroth, In This Strange Labyrinth Sir Thomas Wyatt, They flee from me that sometime did me sekA" William Butler Yeats, Crazy Jane Talks with the Bishop William Butler Yeats, The Magi William Butler Yeats, When You Are Old * Bernice Zamora, Penitents 22. LIVES OF THE POETS * Writing 23. WRITING ABOUT LITERATURE Start by Reading Actively Robert Frost, Nothing Gold Can Stay Planning Your Essay Prewriting: Discovering Ideas Brainstorming Clustering Listing Freewriting Journaling Outlining Developing a Literary Argument Purpose Audience Topic Thesis Argument Claims Persuasion Evidence Warrants Credibility Organization Checklist: Developing an Argument Writing a Rough Draft Sample Student Essay, Rough Draft Revising Checklist: Revision Steps Some General Advice on Rewriting Sample Student Essay, Final Draft Using Critical Sources and Maintaining Academic Integrity The Form of your Finished Paper Spell-Check and Grammar-Check Programs Anonymous (after a poem by Jerrold H. Zar), A Little Poem Regarding Computer Spell Checkers 24. WRITING ABOUT A POEM Getting Started Reading Actively Robert Frost, Design Thinking About a Poem Preparing to Write Writing a First Draft CHECKLIST: WRITING A ROUGH DRAFT Revising CHECKLIST: REVISION Some Common Approaches to Writing About Poetry Explication Sample Student Essay (Explication) Randall Jarrell, On Frost's "Design" Analysis Sample Student Essay (Analysis) Comparison and Contrast Abbie Huston Evans, Wing-Spread Sample Student Essay (Comparison and Contrast) How to Quote a Poem Topics for Writing Robert Frost, In White 25. WRITING A RESEARCH PAPER Getting Started Choosing a Topic Finding Research Sources Finding Print Resources Using Online Databases Using Visual Images CHECKLIST: USING VISUAL IMAGES Finding Reliable Web Sources CHECKLIST: FINDING SOURCES Evaluating Sources Print Resources Choose Web Sources Carefully CHECKLIST: EVALUATING SOURCES Organizing Your Research Refining Your Thesis Organizing Your Paper Writing and Revising Guarding Academic Integrity Papers for Sale Are Papers that "F"ail A Warning Against Internet Plagiarism Acknowledging Sources Quoting a Source Citing Ideas Documenting Sources Using MLA Style List of Sources Parenthetical References Works Cited List Citing Print Sources in MLA Style Citing Internet Sources in MLA Style Sample Works Cited List Endnotes and Footnotes Concluding Thoughts Reference Guide for Citations 26. CRITICAL APPROACHES TO LITERATURE Formalist Criticism Cleanth Brooks, The Formalist Critic Robert Langbaum, On Robert Browning's "My Last Duchess" Biographical Criticism Leslie Fiedler, The Relationship of Poet and Poem. Brett C. Millier, On Elizabeth Bishop's "One Art" Historical Criticism Hugh Kenner, Imagism Joseph Moldenhauer, "To His Coy Mistress" and the Renaissance Tradition Psychological Criticism Sigmund Freud, The Nature of Dreams Harold Bloom, Poetic Influence Mythological Criticism C. J. Jung, The Collective Unconscious and Archetypes Northrop Frye, Mythic Archetypes Sociological Criticism Georg Lukacs, Content Determines Form Alfred Kazin, Walt Whitman and Abraham Lincoln Gender Criticism Elaine Showalter, Toward a Feminist Poetics Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar, The Freedom of Emily Dickinson Reader-Response Criticism Stanley Fish, An Eskimo "A Rose for Emily." Robert Scholes, "How Do We Make a Poem?" Deconstructionist Criticism Roland Barthes, The Death of the Author Geoffrey Hartman, On Wordsworth's "A Slumber Did My Spirit Seal" Cultural Studies Mark Bauerlein, What Is Cultural Studies? * Camille Paglia, On Blake's "The Chimney Sweeper" GLOSSARY OF LITERARY TERMS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS INDEX OF FIRST LINES OF POETRY INDEX OF AUTHORS AND TITLES INDEX OF LITERARY TERMS

Author Biography

The poems of X.J. Kennedy were first collected in Nude Descending a Staircase (1961). Since then he has written five more collections and seventeen books for children, including two novels. He has taught at Michigan, North Carolina(Greensboro), California(Irvine), Wellesley, Tufts, and Leeds. Dana Gioia has published three collections of poetry including Daily Horoscope (1986); The Gods of Winter (1991); and Interrogations at Noon (2001) He has taught at Johns Hopkins, Sarah Lawrence, Wesleyan (Connecticut), Mercer, and Colorado College.